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. 2013 Sep 20;17(10):2307–2315. doi: 10.1017/S1368980013002474

Table 1.

Characteristics of the sample according to the number and type of cohabiting adults: 12 350 children from eight European countries participating in the IDEFICS (Identification and prevention of dietary and lifestyle-induced health effects in children and infants) study

Both parents (n 9537) Mother or father (n 1786) One parent and new partner (n 475) 50 % mother, 50 % father (n 238) Grandparents (n 124) Other (n 190)
Mean 95 % CI Mean 95 % CI Mean 95 % CI Mean 95 % CI Mean 95 % CI Mean 95 % CI P
Age (years) 7·8 7·7, 7·8 8·0a 7·9, 8·1 8·5a,b 8·3, 8·6 8·2a 7·9, 8·4 7·9 7·6, 8·3 7·9c 7·7, 8·2 <0·001
Boys (%) 49·9 50·4 45·9 49·6 50·8 46·8 0·553
Birth weight (g) 3347 3335, 3358 3252a,c,d 3324, 3280 3366 3312, 3420 3382 3303, 3460 3264 3175, 3352 3283 3187, 3378 <0·001
Height (cm) 128·4 128·1, 128·6 129·3a,c 128·8, 129·9 132·1a 131·1, 133·2 130·3 128·7, 131·9 129·2 126·9, 131·4 130·2 128·4, 132·1 <0·001
Weight (kg) 28·7 28·5, 28·9 30·3a 29·9, 30·8 30·2a 29·5, 31·1 29·3e 28·1, 30·4 32·4a 30·3, 34·4 30·4 28·8, 32·0 <0·001
WC (cm) 58·2 58·0, 58·3 60·0a,e 59·6, 60·4 59·0e 58·2, 59·6 58·6e 57·6, 59·6 63·0a 61·0, 64·9 59·5e 58·0, 61·0 <0·001
SST (mm) 20·6 20·4, 20·8 22·6a,c,e 22·1, 23·1 20·6e 19·7, 21·4 20·6e 19·3, 21·8 25·8a 23·3, 28·3 22·3 20·6, 24·0 <0·001
Ow/Ob (%) 21·9 29·7 17·5 20·6 41·9 26·8 <0·001
Home meal frequency (%) 77·2 78·2 72·1 75·3 78·6 70·9 <0·001
Practice of sport (%) 61·2 51·8 56·9 63·2 44·2 47·3 <0·001
Parental education
Low (%) 60·2 29·9 4·2 0·9 2·2 2·5 <0·001
Medium (%) 75·5 14·8 4·9 2·1 1·1 1·7 <0·001
High (%) 82·9 10·8 2·5 1·9 0·7 1·2 <0·001
Parental overweight (%) 72·8 79·9 70·9 66·7 83·5 82·6 <0·001

WC, waist circumference; SST, sum of skinfold thicknesses; Ow/Ob, overweight or obesity.

Data are presented as means and 95 % confidence intervals or frequency, as appropriate.

Multiple comparisons (one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's post hoc correction): a P < 0·05 v. both parents; b P < 0·05 v. mother or father; c P < 0·05 v. one parent and new partner; d P < 0·05 v. 50 % mother, 50 % father; e P < 0·05 v. grandparents.