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. 2023 Jun 7;14:1188547. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1188547

Table 1.

Baseline table of participants categorized by number of cups of coffee consumed.

Variable Total 0 <2 2-4 >4 P
N(Unweighted) 6578(100.00) 2741(41.66) 1969(29.93) 1204(18.30) 664(10.09)
Age 51.05(50.28,51.82) 46.36(45.15,47.57) 52.84(51.74,53.94) 56.19(54.96,57.43) 55.24(53.73,56.75) 0.01
Sex 0.01
Male 3248(49.38) 1358(49.40) 876(43.86) 618(52.73) 396(59.71)
Female 3330(50.62) 1383(50.60) 1093(56.14) 586(47.27) 268(40.29)
Eth 0.01
white 3201(48.66) 1217(42.71) 736(35.73) 721(60.01) 527(80.31)
Black 1298(19.73) 779(29.83) 345(16.44) 142(10.32) 32(4.99)
Mexican 1010(15.35) 391(14.07) 417(23.49) 159(14.79) 43(5.34)
Other 1069(16.25) 354(13.39) 471(24.34) 182(14.88) 62(9.36)
Edu 0.01
Less than 9th Grade 723(10.99) 230(8.62) 285(15.77) 151(14.40) 57(8.63)
9-11th Grade 1061(16.13) 440(15.63) 347(17.74) 163(13.87) 111(16.71)
High School
Grad/GED or Equivalent
1562(23.75) 671(24.50) 434(22.85) 287(24.56) 170(26.78)
College graduate or above 3232(49.13) 1400(51.25) 903(43.64) 603(47.17) 326(47.87)
Smoke 0.01
Never 3492(53.09) 1734(64.81) 1112(56.56) 471(40.84) 175(26.82)
Former 1745(26.53) 533(18.60) 528(25.94) 456(36.98) 228(36.72)
Now 1341(20.39) 474(16.59) 329(17.50) 277(22.18) 261(36.46)
Alcohol User 0.01
Never 931(14.15) 475(17.72) 329(18.55) 91(8.66) 36(4.77)
Former 1299(19.75) 504(17.55) 375(18.33) 262(23.84) 158(23.84)
Mild 2081(31.64) 761(27.37) 628(29.29) 465(36.93) 227(37.90)
Moderate 972(14.78) 406(14.87) 275(14.21) 177(13.29) 114(15.61)
Heavy 1295(19.69) 595(22.48) 362(19.63) 209(17.28) 129(17.88)
DM 0.01
No 5686(86.44) 2433(88.57) 1669(84.28) 1020(84.30) 564(86.14)
Yes 892(13.56) 308(11.43) 300(15.72) 184(15.70) 100(13.86)
Hyperlipidemia 0.01
No 1617(24.58) 797(28.38) 428(20.86) 255(22.45) 137(22.32)
Yes 4961(75.42) 1944(71.62) 1541(79.14) 949(77.55) 527(77.68)
Hypertension 0.09
No 3727(56.66) 1642(58.61) 1088(53.22) 637(54.87) 360(55.61)
Yes 2851(43.34) 1099(41.39) 881(46.78) 567(45.13) 304(44.39)
Hyperthyroidism 0.33
No 6562(99.76) 2734(99.72) 1965(99.88) 1202(99.86) 661(99.42)
Yes 16(0.24) 7(0.28) 4(0.12) 2(0.14) 3(0.58)
Hypothyroidism 0.17
No 6544(99.48) 2728(99.68) 1961(99.71) 1197(99.78) 658(99.11)
Yes 34(0.52) 13(0.32) 8(0.29) 7(0.22) 6(0.89)
Subclinical
Hyperthyroidism
0.96
No 6373(96.88) 2661(96.80) 1905(96.81) 1162(96.41) 645(96.63)
Yes 205(3.12) 80(3.20) 64(3.19) 42(3.59) 19(3.37)
Subclinical
Hypothyroidism
0.24
No 6339(96.37) 2637(96.19) 1905(97.27) 1157(95.31) 640(96.45)
Yes 239(3.63) 104(3.81) 64(2.73) 47(4.69) 24(3.55)
BMI (kg/m 2) 29.08(28.80,29.35) 29.36(28.96,29.76) 28.70(28.35,29.04) 29.23(28.71,29.76) 28.74(28.17,29.32) 0.02
TT3 (ng/dL) 112.20(110.97,113.44) 113.90(112.17,115.62) 111.55(110.08,113.02) 110.59(108.15,113.03) 110.22(108.22,112.22) 0.01
TT4 (ug/dL) 7.93(7.85,8.00) 7.93(7.84,8.03) 7.99(7.89,8.10) 7.89(7.76,8.02) 7.78(7.63,7.94) 0.03
FT3 (pg/mL) 3.15(3.13,3.17) 3.18(3.15,3.21) 3.13(3.10,3.16) 3.13(3.09,3.17) 3.10(3.06,3.15) 0.02
FT4 (ng/dL) 0.80(0.79,0.81) 0.80(0.79,0.81) 0.80(0.79,0.81) 0.80(0.79,0.82) 0.80(0.78,0.82) 0.98
TSH (mIU/L) 2.01(1.90,2.12) 1.97(1.86,2.08) 2.02(1.86,2.17) 1.95(1.83,2.07) 2.30(1.79,2.81) 0.52
Urinary Iodine 285.45(242.56,328.34) 302.00(229.73,374.28) 297.34(205.32,389.35) 277.98(205.63,350.33) 191.66(163.06,220.25) 0.01

Edu, education, Eth, ethnicity Categorical variables show percentages, continuous variables show means and confidence intervals. A cup of coffee cup is defined as 283.5 grams.