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. 2023 Jun 7;14:1188547. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1188547

Table 2.

Effect of coffee consumption on serum thyroid function indicators.

Variable Coffee Beta SE t value P
TSH ref ref ref ref ref
<2 -0.06 0.09 -0.62 0.54
2-4 -0.23 0.07 -3.27 0.003 **
>4 0.11 0.26 0.44 0.66
TT4 ref ref ref ref ref
<2 -0.06 0.07 -0.77 0.45
2-4 -0.07 0.08 -0.81 0.43
>4 -0.06 0.10 -0.59 0.56
TT3 ref ref ref ref ref
<2 -0.43 0.91 -0.47 0.64
2-4 0.02 1.28 0.02 0.99
>4 -0.67 1.25 -0.53 0.60
FT4 ref ref ref ref ref
<2 -0.01 0.01 -1.44 0.16
2-4 -0.01 0.01 -1.00 0.32
>4 -0.01 0.01 -0.69 0.49
FT3 ref ref ref ref ref
<2 -0.01 0.02 -0.60 0.56
2-4 0.02 0.03 0.68 0.50
>4 -0.02 0.02 -1.03 0.31

**Tips less than 0.05, **Tips less than 0.01, Models adjusted for age, sex, education, ethnicity, smoking, alcohol, DM, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, BMI, and urinary iodine concentration.