Table 2.
Multinomial logistic regression for levels of limitation in activities of daily living (ADL) and sociodemographic variables.
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Mild ADL limitations | Moderate to severe ADL limitations | ||||||||||||||||||
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Women | Men | Women | Men | ||||||||||||||||
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AORa | P values | AOR | P values | AOR | P values | AOR | P values | ||||||||||||
| Age group (years; reference: 60-64 years) | ||||||||||||||||||||
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65-69 | 1.250 | .10 | 1.018 | .91 | 1.462 | <.001 | 1.007 | .95 | |||||||||||
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70-74 | 1.642 | .003 | 1.704 | .001 | 2.110 | <.001 | 1.319 | .03 | |||||||||||
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75-79 | 1.894 | <.001 | 1.565 | .009 | 2.914 | <.001 | 1.788 | <.001 | |||||||||||
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≥80 | 2.021 | <.001 | 3.497 | <.001 | 3.154 | <.001 | 1.593 | .001 | |||||||||||
| Residential area (reference: urban) | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Rural | 0.933 | .33 | 0.905 | .36 | 1.378 | <.001 | 0.964 | .62 | |||||||||||
| Education level (reference: no education) | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Having education | 0.634 | .001 | 1.009 | .94 | 0.496 | <.001 | 0.700 | <.001 | |||||||||||
| Marital status (reference: single) | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Married | 0.648 | <.001 | 1.278 | .07 | 0.949 | .40 | 1.650 | <.001 | |||||||||||
| Having diabetes mellitus | 1.363 | .02 | 1.254 | .08 | 1.185 | .02 | 0.934 | .52 | ||||||||||||
| Having hypertension | 1.015 | .86 | 1.38 | .006 | 0.998 | .98 | 1.777 | <.001 | ||||||||||||
| BMI category (reference: normal) | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Underweight (BMI<18.5) | 1.35 | .06 | 0.916 | .70 | 1.401 | .01 | 1.683 | .005 | |||||||||||
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Overweight (BMI≥25) | 0.98 | .83 | 1.49 | <.001 | 1.295 | <.001 | 0.947 | .58 | |||||||||||
| Smoking status (reference: not smoking) | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Former smoking | 0.954 | .76 | 1.527 | .002 | 1.007 | .96 | 1.099 | .27 | |||||||||||
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Current smoking | 0.678 | .12 | 1.546 | .001 | 1.070 | .57 | 1.047 | .67 | |||||||||||
| Drinkers | 0.679 | .04 | 0.704 | .004 | 0.682 | .03 | 1.001 | .99 | ||||||||||||
| Insufficient fruit- and vegetable-based diet | 1.016 | .86 | 1.704 | <.001 | 0.676 | .001 | 1.078 | .41 | ||||||||||||
| Low physical activity | 1.223 | .02 | 2.173 | <.001 | 1.814 | <.001 | 1.571 | <.001 | ||||||||||||
aAOR: adjusted odd ratio.