Table 4.
Delivery characteristics of singleton deliveries at Magee-Womens Hospital before and during the COVID-19 pandemic stratified according to race (n=20,748)a
| Factor | Pre–COVID-19 regulations(January 1, 2018–January 31, 2020) | During COVID-19 pandemic(April 1, 2020–October 27, 2020) | P valueb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| White (n=16,092) | ||||
| n | 12,247 | 3845 | ||
| Insurance, n (%) Commercial Medicaid Medicare Self-pay and other |
8591 (70.1) 3319 (27.1) 100 (0.8) 237 (1.9) |
2809 (73.1) 945 (24.6) 19 (0.5) 72 (1.9) |
.002 | |
| Prenatal care, n (%) | 11,837 (96.7) | 3714 (96.6) | .86 | |
| Prenatal NST, n (%) | 2857 (23.3) | 940 (24.4) | .15 | |
| Prenatal biophysical profile, n (%) | 2309 (18.9) | 577 (15.0) | <.001 | |
| Last PNV with OPC clinic, n (%) | 1021 (8.3) | 240 (6.2) | <.001 | |
| Cesarean delivery, n (%) | 3714 (30.3) | 1137 (29.6) | .37 | |
| Obstetrician, gynecologist, or midwife attending, n (%) | 11,958 (97.6) | 3763 (97.9) | .41 | |
| PTB (<37 wk), n (%) | 1323 (10.8) | 378 (9.8) | .087 | |
| EPTB (<34 wk), n (%) | 416 (3.4) | 115 (3.0) | .22 | |
| VEPTB (<28 wk), n (%) | 100 (0.8) | 28 (0.7) | .59 | |
| Indicated PTB, n (%) | 642 (5.2) | 196 (5.1) | .72 | |
| Spontaneous PTB, n (%) | 681 (5.6) | 182 (4.7) | .047 | |
| Overall inductions, n (%) | 4324 (35.3) | 1569 (40.8) | <.001 | |
| Preterm induction indication,c n (%) Preeclampsia Gestational HTN GDM FGR |
165 (25.7) 17 (2.6) 6 (0.9) 15 (2.3) |
43 (21.9) 7 (3.6) 2 (1.0) 2 (1.0) |
.29 .50 .91 .25 |
|
| ADI, mean (SD) | 51.5 (24.6) | 50.4 (24.2) | .020 | |
| Black (n=4656) | ||||
| n | 3641 | 1015 | ||
| Insurance, n (%) Commercial Medicaid Medicare Self-pay and other |
858 (23.6) 2653 (72.9) 77 (2.1) 53 (1.5) |
253 (24.9) 737 (72.6) 15 (1.5) 10 (1.0) |
.31 |
|
| Prenatal care, n (%) | 3506 (96.3) | 969 (95.5) | .23 | |
| Prenatal NST, n (%) | 342 (9.4) | 103 (10.1) | .47 | |
| Prenatal biophysical profile, n (%) | 772 (21.2) | 181 (17.8) | .019 | |
| Last PNV with OPC clinic, n (%) | 1784 (49.0) | 465 (45.8) | .073 | |
| Cesarean delivery, n (%) | 1135 (31.2) | 299 (29.5) | .30 | |
| Obestetrician, gynecologist, or midwife attending, n (%) | 3421 (94.0) | 953 (93.9) | .94 | |
| PTB (<37 wk), n (%) | 487 (13.4) | 130 (12.8) | .64 | |
| EPTB (<34 wk), n (%) | 174 (4.8) | 46 (4.5) | .74 | |
| VEPTB (<28 wk), n (%) | 63 (1.7) | 15 (1.5) | .58 | |
| Indicated PTB, n (%) | 247 (6.8) | 58 (5.7) | .22 | |
| Spontaneous PTB, n (%) | 240 (6.6) | 72 (7.1) | .57 | |
| Overall inductions, n (%) | 1232 (33.8) | 358 (35.3) | .39 | |
| Preterm induction indication,c n (%) Preeclampsia Gestational HTN GDM FGR |
62 (25.1) 4 (1.6) 4 (1.6) 6 (2.4) |
15 (25.9) 0 (0.0) 1 (1.7) 0 (0.0) |
.90 .33 .95 .23 |
|
| ADI, mean (SD) | 81.3 (19.0) | 81.2 (19.67) | .83 | |
ADI, area deprivation index; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; EPTB, early preterm birth; FGR, fetal growth restriction; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; HTN, hypertension; NST, nonstress test; OPC, outpatient care; PNV, prenatal visit; PTB, preterm birth; SD, standard deviation; VEPTB, very early preterm birth.
a
February and March were considered a washout period and excluded
b
Pearson chi-square or 2-sample t test as appropriate
c
Percentage of preterm inductions.
Lemon. Differential decreases in spontaneous preterm birth during coronavirus disease 2019. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2021.