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. 2023 Jun 20;23:457. doi: 10.1186/s12909-023-04290-5

Table 5.

Changes in levels of anxiety and phobia among participants (IPE Dementia, 2022)

Variable Pre-test Post-test n t
Mean (SD) Mean (SD)
Social interaction anxiety 2.02 (0.34) 1.70 (0.86) 21 1.724*
Social Phobia 1.98 (0.28) 1.40 (0.83) 19 2.77**

The participants in this study were those who scored high in measures of social anxiety and social phobia administered at Time 1 – pre-test; *p < .1; **p < .05