Table 3.
Results of the fixed effects model with educational debt as the dependent variable (n = 5,141)
| Variable | Coefficient | Std. err. | p-value | 95% Confidence Interval | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower Bound | Upper Bound | ||||
| Age | -0.010 | 0.01 | 0.14 | -0.02 | 0.00 |
| Gender | [omitted] | ||||
| Professional Degree | 0.279 | 0.11 | 0.01* | 0.07 | 0.49 |
| Professional Degreea | 0.229 | 0.19 | 0.23** | -0.14 | 0.60 |
| Interaction of Age and Professional Degree | -0.017 | 0.02 | 0.30** | -0.05 | 0.02 |
| Number of Certifications | 0.039 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 0.00 | 0.08 |
| Ln(Income) | -0.004 | 0.01 | 0.60 | -0.02 | 0.01 |
| Hours Worked Per Week | 0.004 | 0.00 | 0.049* | 0.00 | 0.01 |
| Hours Worked Per Weeka | -0.0001 | 0.00 | 0.20** | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Expected Years Until Retirement | 0.006 | 0.00 | 0.01* | 0.00 | 0.01 |
| Expected Years Until Retirementa | -0.0002 | 0.00 | 0.27** | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Job Satisfaction | 0.048 | 0.02 | 0.04* | 0.00 | 0.10 |
| Job Satisfactiona | -0.013 | 0.03 | 0.63** | -0.07 | -0.04 |
| Interaction of Age and Job Satisfaction | 0.005 | 0.01 | 0.27** | -0.004 | 0.015 |
| Interaction of Income and Job Satisfaction | -1.259 | 1.79 | 0.48** | -4.76 | 2.22 |
| Work Status | [omitted] | ||||
| Primary Work Setting, compared with Home Health | |||||
| Skilled Nursing | 0.094 | 0.09 | 0.29 | -0.08 | 0.27 |
| Rehabilitation Facility | 0.119 | 0.08 | 0.12 | -0.03 | 0.27 |
| Hospital, Inpatient | 0.006 | 0.09 | 0.95 | -0.17 | 0.18 |
| Hospital, Outpatient | 0.023 | 0.08 | 0.77 | -0.13 | 0.18 |
| Private Practice, Solo | 0.026 | 0.08 | 0.75 | -0.14 | 0.19 |
| Private Practice, Group | 0.092 | 0.08 | 0.23 | -0.06 | 0.24 |
| Academic Institution | -0.043 | 0.14 | 0.75 | -0.31 | 0.23 |
| Race or Ethnic Category, compared with American Indian or Alaska Native | |||||
| Asian | 0.059 | 0.51 | 0.91 | -0.95 | 1.07 |
| Black/African American | 0.030 | 0.53 | 0.96 | -1.01 | 1.07 |
| Hispanic | 0.011 | 0.51 | 0.98 | -0.98 | 1.00 |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | -0.253 | 0.62 | 0.68 | -1.46 | 0.96 |
| Some Other Race | 0.244 | 0.50 | 0.63 | -0.74 | 1.22 |
| Two or More Races | -0.029 | 0.43 | 0.95 | -0.87 | 0.81 |
| White | 0.178 | 0.46 | 0.70 | -0.73 | 1.09 |
| Year Surveyed, compared with 2016 | |||||
| 2018 | -0.186 | 0.03 | < 0.001* | -0.25 | -0.13 |
| 2020 | -0.403 | 0.03 | < 0.001* | -0.47 | -0.34 |
aIndicates a squared, nonlinear covariate
*Indicates statistical significance at p < 0.05
**Indicates that the F-test for joint significance for the interaction term was statistically significant with p < 0.05