Table 1.
General information on previous studies about RNSM
| Study | Year | Study interval | Aim | Design | No. of patients (procedures) | Indication (n, %) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ryu et al. [19] | 2020 | Nov 2016–Jan 2020 | To report the early experience of RNSM with IBR in the KoREa-BSG | Retrospective case series, multicenter | 73 (82) | Therapeutic (75, 91.5%)Risk-reducing (7, 8.5%) |
| Lee et al. [41] | 2021 | Nov 2016–Jan 2019 | To directly compare surgical outcomes between CNSM and RNSM | Retrospective case–control comparison study, single center |
CNSM 270 RNSM 41 |
Therapeutic (34, 83%) Risk-reducing (7, 17.1%) |
| Toesca et al. [42] | 2019 | June 2014–Jan 2019 | To present and discuss perioperative surgical outcomes and early oncologic follow-up data on consecutive patients undergoing RNSM | Prospective case series, single center | 73 (94) |
Invasive breast cancer (39, 41.5%) DCIS (21, 223%) Risk-reducing (34, 36.2%) |
| Sanson et al. [43] | 2018 | Nov 2015–Jan 2020 | To report the feasibility of RNSM with a large series of 138 procedures | Prospective, single center | 79 (138) |
Prophylactic (75%) Therapeutic (25%) |
| Lai et al. [44] | 2020 | July 2011–Sep 2019 | To critically compare RNSM vs. CNSM procedures from different aspects (clinical outcomes, patient-reported aesthetic results, and medical costs) in the management of patients with breast cancer | Retrospective case–control comparison study, single center |
CNSM 62 RNSM 54 |
Therapeutic |
| Houvenaeghel et al. [45] | 2021 | Nov 2016–Mar 2020 | To compare RNSM and CNSM in terms of the breast complication rate (main objective) and hospital stay, duration of surgery, cost evaluation, and patient satisfaction (secondary objectives) | Prospective case–control comparison study, single center |
CNSM 142 RNSM 87 |
Primary (70, 80.5%) Local recurrence (10, 11.5%) Prophylactic (7, 8.0%) |
| Loh et al. [46] | 2020 | April 2018–Jan 2020 | To report the use of RNSM in patients with breast cancer and analyze the learning curve of one surgeon in a single medical center | Retrospective single center | 78 (85) | Therapeutic |
| Kuo et al. [47] | 2019 | N/A | To report the combination of robotic mastectomy and immediate microsurgical free-flap reconstruction and exploit its oncologic and aesthetic advantages | Case series, single center | 3 | Therapeutic |
CNSM conventional nipple-sparing mastectomy, IBR immediate breast reconstruction, KoREa-BSG Korea Robot-Endoscopy Minimal Access Breast Surgery Study Group, RNSM robotic nipple-sparing mastectomy