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. 2023 Apr 3;24(3):405–415. doi: 10.5811/westjem.58717

Table 1.

Inclusion criteria met by study sample (N=18,599).

No. (%)
Inclusion criteria description chief complaint relating to viral illness
 Flu 4,528 (24.35%)
 Fever 4,372 (23.51%)
 Cough 3,870 (20.81%)
 Shortness of breath 3,223 (17.33%)
 Chest pain 741 (3.98%)
 COVID-19 469 (2.52%)
 Cold 226 (1.22%)
 Upper respiratory infection 46 (0.25%)
Category of discharge diagnosis based on ICD-10-CM codes designated by clinician
 Signs and symptoms involving the respiratory system 4,317 (23.21%)
 General symptoms and signs 3,353 (18.03%)
 Infectious and communicable diseases 2,873 (15.45%)
 Flu-like symptoms including fever, malaise, fatigue, dizziness 2,337 (12.57%)
 No ICD-10 code available 2,275 (12.23%)
 Respiratory infection 2,127 (11.44%)
 COVID-19 331 (1.78%)
 Pain 282 (1.52%)
 Signs and symptoms involving the gastrointestinal system 233 (1.25%)
 Encounter for other disease, disorder, or symptom 154 (0.83%)
 Headache 77 (0.41%)
 Signs and symptoms involving the circulatory system 54 (0.29%)
 Other symptoms and signs involving the circulatory and respiratory system 43 (0.23%)
 Syncope and collapse 41 (0.22%)
 Signs and symptoms of mental and behavioral disorders 22 (0.12%)
 Abnormal findings through testing and on examination 20 (0.11%)
 Signs and symptoms involving the musculoskeletal system 20 (0.11%)
 Injuries and environmental health hazards 16 (0.09%)
 Disturbances of smell and taste 12 (0.06%)
 Encounter for circumstances and disorders related to maternal care, pregnancy, and reproduction 10 (0.05%)
 Complications of surgical and medical care, not elsewhere classified 2

COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; ICD-10-CM, International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification.