Table 1.

Keywords used for purposes of this article.

Keywords:

Companion animal models: are domesticated cats and dogs, which are species typically maintained as household pets. Some studies referenced in this review are from animals housed in laboratory colonies.

Nonhuman primate (NHP) models: are defined as any primate species used as primate model systems, such as macaques, marmosets, and lemurs.

Traditional mice and rat models: are laboratory domesticated rats and mice (genera: Rattus, Mus), which are most frequently used for study in biomedical sciences (see Fig. 3).

Carnivore: are any wild or domesticated animal classified as belonging to the order Carnivora (e.g., cats, dogs, ferrets, polar bears, cheetahs, and red pandas).

Domesticated animals: is defined as any animal that is maintained as a companion, pet, or is raised on a farm.

The definitions of these terms vary in official and common usage (see Supplementary Data 1).