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. 2023 Jun 21;13:10120. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-37270-2

Table 2.

Hyperparameters for training, determined by cross-validation.

Parameter YoloV5-large YoloV5-small Faster-R-CNN RetinaNet EfficientDet-D2
Learning rate 8.94e-3 1.15e-2 1.0e-4 1.0e-4 1.0e-4
Optimizer SGD SGD Adam Adam Adam
Batch size 8 16 16 16 16
Epochs 20 20 25 60 20
SWA start N/A N/A 20 45 15
SWA epochs N/A N/A 5 15 5
Warmup epochs 2.5 2.8 5.0 5.0 5.0
Gradient clipping value N/A N/A 3.0 3.0 3.0

For gradient clipping, the gradients’ global norm is clipped to the reported values.