Skip to main content
. 2023 Jun 8;14:1200521. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1200521

TABLE 4.

Exposure to drugs containing parabens (PB) according to the gestational age.

Gestational age (weeks of gestation)
Exposed infant n = 1,124 (24–25) n = 95 (26–27) n = 219 (28–31) n = 810
Daily PB intake, mg/kg/d
Mean (±SD) 2.2 (1.4) 2.7 (1.2) 2.6 (1.4) 2.1 (1.4)
Median [p25%–p75%] 2.1 [1.0–3.1] 2.8 [1.8–3.8] 2.6 [1.6–3.3] 1.9 [0.9–2.9]
Min–max 0.1–11.1 0.1–5.2 0.2–11.1 0.2–10.8
Duration of PB exposure, days
 Mean (±SD) 33.1 (22.3) 50.4 (32.8) 45.3 (24.5) 27.8 (17.3)
 Median [p25%–p75%] 30.0 [17.0–45.5] 53.0 [22.0–73.0] 47.0 [28.0–59.0] 27.0 [14.0–38.0]
 Min–max 1.0–142.0 1.0–129.0 1.0–142.0 1.0–94.0
Cumulative PB intake, mg/kg
 Mean (±SD) 80.3 (84.6) 136.1 (104.3) 123.5 (103.1) 62.0 (67.8)
 Median [p25%–p75%] 52.5 [20.5–116.0] 120.2 [52.7–212.7] 107.6 [50.1–167.5] 41.6 [17.4; 82.5]
 Min–max 0.1–872.2 0.1–394.8 0.3–872.2 0.2–592.2
 PB intake > 10 mg/k/d, n (%) 39 (3.5) 2 (2.1) 9 (4.1) 28 (3.5)
Duration of PB intake > 10 mg/k/d, days
 Mean (±SD) 6.3 (9.2) 1.5 (0.7) 9.2 (17.0) 5.8 (5.3)
 Median [p25%–p75%] 3.0 [2.0–7.0] 1.5 [1.0–2.0] 2.0 [1.0–5.0] 3.5 [2.5–7.5]
 Min–max 1.0–53.0 1.0–2.0 1.0–53.0 1.0–23.0
DOL at the first exposure
 Median [min–max] 14 [1–183] 25 [6–162] 18 [4–183] 13 [1–135]
 DOL 1–7, n (%) 117 (10.3) 2 9 108
 DOL 8–14, n (%) 455 (40.4) 17 68 372
 DOL 15–21, n (%) 270 (23.9) 27 56 189
 DOL 22–28, n (%) 82 (7.2) 12 21 51
 DOL >28, n (%) 205 (18.1) 42 70 95
DOL at the last exposure
 Median [min–max] 53 [5–199] 105 [14–180] 75 [13–199] 46 [5–159]
 DOL 1–7, n (%) 3 (0.2) 1 1 3
 DOL 8–14, n (%) 33 (2.8) 2 3 30
 DOL 15–21, n (%) 76 (6.7) 3 3 72
 DOL 22–28, n (%) 74 (6.5) 3 2 71
 DOL >28, n (%) 943 (83.8) 91 215 639

DOL, day of life; PBs, parabens.