Table 3.

Semi-partial Pearson's correlations (R) between cognitive tests and sex- and age-adjusted brain volumes for the full sample of participants and by secondary progressive and primary progressive MS subtypes.

Correlation pairings	Full sample (n = 114)		SPMS (n = 80, 70.2%)		PPMS (n = 34, 29.8%)
	R	p raw /p adj	R	p raw /p adj	R	p raw /p adj
SDMT
Whole brain vol	0.29	< 0.01/ 0.01	0.26	0.02/0.10	0.39	0.03/0.12
Total gray matter vol	0.13	0.18/0.46	0.05	0.69/0.85	0.40	0.02/0.12
Deep gray matter vol	0.22	0.02/0.06	0.22	0.04/0.15	0.20	0.27/0.45
Total white matter Vol	0.33	< 0.01/ < 0.01	0.34	< 0.01/ 0.01	0.27	0.12/0.22
Mean cortical thickness	0.10	0.28/0.60	0.03	0.79/0.81	0.34	0.05/0.19
CVLT
Whole brain vol	0.00	0.99/0.99	−0.03	0.77/0.85	0.08	0.64/0.74
Total gray matter vol	0.04	0.70/0.95	−0.08	0.45/0.85	0.32	0.06/0.19
Deep gray matter vol	0.00	0.98/0.99	−0.02	0.85/0.85	0.07	0.71/0.76
Total white matter vol	0.00	0.99/0.99	0.05	0.67/0.85	−0.12	0.50/0.69
Mean cortical thickness	0.27	< 0.01/ 0.02	0.22	0.05/0.15	0.39	0.02/0.12
BVMT-R
Whole brain vol	0.00	0.99/0.99	0.06	0.62/0.85	−0.18	0.30/0.45
Total gray matter vol	0.08	0.42/0.70	0.09	0.41/0.85	0.02	0.91/0.91
Deep gray matter vol	0.09	0.32/0.60	0.14	0.20/0.51	−0.08	0.64/0.74
Total white matter vol	−0.04	0.66/0.95	0.03	0.82/0.85	−0.30	0.09/0.19
Mean cortical thickness	0.35	< 0.01/ < 0.01	0.37	< 0.01/ 0.01	0.31	0.08/0.19

BVMT-R, Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised; CVLT, California Verbal Learning Test, second edition; PPMS, primary progressive multiple sclerosis; SPMS, secondary progressive multiple sclerosis; SDMT, Symbol Digit Modalities Test; TBP, Total brain parenchymal; Vol, volume.

Raw (p_raw) and Benjamini–Hochberg adjusted (p_adj) p-values presented. Statistical significance was set at a p-value of ≤ 0.05.