Table 2.
Perioperative outcomes of 615 patients treated with open (n=481) or robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy (n=134) for renal cell carcinoma at a tertiary care center from 01/2003 to 01/2021; All values are medians (IQR) or frequencies (%)
| N | Overall N = 615 | OPN N = 481 (78%) | RAPN N = 134 (22%) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Length of stay [days] Median (IQR) |
615 | 7 (6, 9) | 7 (6, 10) | 6 (5, 6) | < 0.001 |
|
Operation time [min] Median (IQR) |
610 | 187 (147, 230) | 186 (147, 230) | 188 (144, 228) | 0.7 |
|
Blood loss [ml] Median (IQR) |
321 | 400 (200, 800) | 400 (200, 800) | 350 (200, 625) | 0.15 |
|
pT-stage n (%) |
591 | 0.020 | |||
| pT1a | 393 (66%) | 295 (63%) | 98 (80%) | ||
| pT1b | 143 (24%) | 123 (26%) | 20 (16%) | ||
| pT2a | 17 (2.9%) | 15 (3.2%) | 2 (1.6%) | ||
| pT2b | 5 (0.8%) | 5 (1.1%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| ≥ pT3 | 33 (5.6%) | 30 (6.4%) | 3 (2.4%) | ||
|
Surgical margin n (%) |
588 | 0.3 | |||
| R0 | 557 (95%) | 444 (95%) | 113 (93%) | ||
| R1 | 17 (2.9%) | 11 (2.4%) | 6 (4.9%) | ||
| Rx | 14 (2.4%) | 11 (2.4%) | 3 (2.5%) | ||
|
Surgeon’s volume Median (IQR) |
615 | 43 (13, 77) | 35 (11, 70) | 65 (40, 98) | < 0.001 |
|
Surgeon’s volume grouped n (%) |
615 | < 0.001 | |||
| Low | 201 (33%) | 191 (40%) | 10 (7.5%) | ||
| Intermediate | 90 (15%) | 64 (13%) | 26 (19%) | ||
| High | 324 (53%) | 226 (47%) | 98 (73%) | ||
|
Intraoperative ischemia n (%) |
615 | 0.2 | |||
| Yes | 379 (62%) | 290 (60%) | 89 (66%) | ||
| No | 236 (38%) | 191 (40%) | 45 (34%) | ||
|
Ischemia duration [min] Median (IQR) |
375 | 16.0 (13.0, 20.0) | 16.0 (13.0, 20.0) | 15.0 (12.0, 19.0) | 0.2 |
|
Transfusion intraoperative n (%) |
613 | 23 (3.8%) | 23 (4.8%) | 0 (0%) | 0.010 |
|
Transfusion postoperative n (%) |
608 | 50 (8.2%) | 44 (9.3%) | 6 (4.5%) | 0.078 |
|
Transfusion total n (%) |
608 | 73 (12%) | 67 (14%) | 6 (4.5%) | 0.003 |
|
Intraoperative complication n (%) |
615 | 138 (22%) | 130 (27%) | 8 (6.0%) | 0.010 |
|
Conversion to OPN, n (%) |
615 | - | 13 (9.7%) | - | |
|
Conversion to nephrectomy n (%) |
615 | 55 (8.9%) | 50 (10%) | 5 (3.7%) | 0.017 |
|
Trifecta achievement n (%) |
615 | 348 (57%) | 261 (54%) | 87 (65%) | 0.028 |
|
Clavien-Dindo 30-days complication n (%) |
615 | 0.009 | |||
| 0 | 389 (63.3%) | 288 (60%) | 101 (75.4%) | ||
| 1–2 | 170 (27.6%) | 141 (29.3%) | 29 (21.7%) | ||
| > 2 | 56 (9.1%) | 52 (10.7%) | 4 (2.9%) |
Abbreviations: IQR Interquartile range