Table 2.
The univariable and multivariable generalized linear models (GLM) to determine the association between problematic use of social media and mental health (n = 781)
| Variables | Univariable | Multivariable | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| β (95% CI) | P-value | β* (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Age (year) | ||||
| < 20 year | 9.00 (3.51, 14.49) | 0.001* | - | - |
| 21–25 year | -5.82 (-10.33, -1.30) | 0.012* | - | - |
| ≥ 26 year | Reference | - | - | - |
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 4.94 (0.82, 9.06) | 0.019* | - | - |
| Male | Reference | - | - | - |
| Marital status | ||||
| Single | -41.16 (-54.36, -27.96) | < 0.001* | -23.03 (-33.10, -12.96) | < 0.001** |
| Married | -48.12 (-61.65, -34.60) | < 0.001* | -26.12 (-36.49, -15.75) | < 0.001** |
| Other | Reference | - | ||
| Education | ||||
| Associate’s degree | -1.56 (-4.86, -2.83) | 0.687 | - | - |
| Bachelor’s degree | -2.66 (-9.27, 3.94) | 0.430 | - | - |
| Master’s Degree | -4.60 (-12.23, 3.03) | 0.238 | ||
| Doctorate | Reference | - | ||
| Field | ||||
| Medical sciences | -8.85 (-13.16, -4.54) | < 0.001* | -8.15 (-11.37, -4.94) | < 0.001** |
| Other | Reference | - | Reference | - |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Lor | -3.85 (-9.07, 1.36) | 0.148 | - | - |
| Fars | 0.79 (-4.63, 6.22) | 0.775 | - | - |
| Other | Reference | - | - | - |
| Semester | ||||
| 1–3 | 1.51 (-2.53, 5.56) | 0.463 | - | - |
| ≥ 4 | Reference | - | - | - |
| Employment status | ||||
| Employed | -5.14 (-9.45, -0.84) | 0.019* | - | - |
| Unemployed | Reference | - | - | - |
| Household income | ||||
| ≤ 5 Million | 8.70 (3.09, 14.30) | 0.002* | 1.77 (-2.49, 6.04) | 0.415 |
| 5–7 Million | 7.84 (2.15, 13.54) | 0.007* | -1.36 (-5.72, 2.98) | 0.539 |
| 7–10 Million | -6.17 (-11.41, -0.93) | 0.021* | -5.66 (-9.62, -1.71) | 0.005** |
| ≥ 10 Million | Reference | - | Reference | - |
| Province | ||||
| Lorestan | -4.10 (-8.14, -0.05) | 0.047* | - | - |
| Other | Reference | - | - | - |
| Residence | ||||
| Urban | -2.78 (-8.46, 2.90) | 0.338 | - | - |
| Rural | Reference | - | - | - |
| Housing | ||||
| With Family | -4.84 (-12.16, 2.47) | 0.194 | - | - |
| In dormitory | 14.32 (2.36, 26.28) | 0.019* | - | - |
| other | Reference | - | - | - |
| Problematic use of social media | 3.79 (3.48, 4.10) | < 0.001* | 3.54 (3.23, 3.85) | < 0.001** |
β*: Adjusted β
*Variables with P-value < 0.2 which were entered in multiple GLM
** Variables with P-value < 0.05 in multiple GLM
Statistics: Univariable and multivariable generalized linear models (GLM)