Table 2.
Comparison of hemodynamic parameters in the postoperative period as mean ± SD.
| Control group∗ | ESP group∗ | P value∗∗ | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 50) | (n = 50) | ||
| Heart rate (beats, mean ± SD) | |||
| Admission to PACU | 85.4 ± 9.7 | 73.52 ± 8.78 | <0.001 |
| At 60 min | 87.12 ± 11.2 | 75.5 ± 9.5 | <0.001 |
| At 4 hours | 85.48 ± 10.7 | 76.58 ± 9.01 | <0.001 |
| At 8 hours | 86.2 ± 12.4 | 75.68 ± 8.5 | 0.001 |
| At 12 hours | 82.74 ± 10.05 | 74.42 ± 8.02 | <0.001 |
| At 24 hours | 79.8 ± 9.4 | 79.14 ± 12.9 | 0.77 |
| At 48 hours | 75.06 ± 7.4 | 78.76 ± 8 | 0.04 |
|
| |||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg, mean ± SD) | |||
| Admission to PACU | 138.5 ± 16.37 | 129.16 ± 16.9 | 0.004 |
| At 60 min | 137.26 ± 23.5 | 126.6 ± 17.04 | 0.007 |
| At 4 hours | 137.1 ± 14.8 | 124.7 ± 15.3 | <0.001 |
| At 8 hours | 135.8 ± 14.03 | 126.9 ± 13.02 | 0.001 |
| At 12 hours | 132.9 ± 14.6 | 125.9 ± 14.53 | 0.005 |
| At 24 hours | 134.1 ± 12.9 | 125.1 ± 14.6 | <0.001 |
| At 48 hours | 128.1 ± 12.6 | 129.4 ± 17.4 | 0.62 |
|
| |||
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg, mean ± SD) | |||
| Admission to PACU | 74.44 ± 14.6 | 69.04 ± 14.12 | 0.004 |
| At 60 min | 74.54 ± 14.4 | 69.08 ± 11.57 | 0.087 |
| At 4 hours | 77.48 ± 11.65 | 71.7 ± 12.6 | 0.03 |
| At 8 hours | 77.8 ± 11.6 | 68.3 ± 10.6 | <0.001 |
| At 12 hours | 75.38 ± 10.56 | 67.9 ± 7.9 | <0.001 |
| At 24 hours | 68.2 ± 14.9 | 59.7 ± 14.1 | 0.01 |
| At 48 hours | 71.56 ± 11.4 | 69.9 ± 12.1 | 0.43 |
∗ Control group: patients received standard pain control treatment; ESP group: patients received ESP block in addition to standard pain control treatment. ∗∗Data are considered statistically significant if p < 0.05.