Fig. 5. Negative nonlinear dependence between chiroptical activity and enantiomeric excess.

a Combined CD-absorption spectra of (Rac)-L₁ (black trace), (R)-L₁ (red trace) and (S)-L₁ (blue trace). b Combined CD-absorption spectra of (Rac)-LC₁ (black trace), (R)-LC₁ (red trace) and (S)-LC₁ (blue trace). Inset: the enlarged view from 400 to 700 nm, and the magnification factor is 5. c Anisotropy factors of LC₁ prepared by different ee values of L₁. d The negative nonlinear CD-ee dependence between the chiroptical activity of LC₁ and enantiomeric excess of L₁ based on anisotropy. The solid and broader highlighted colored lines in (d) are merely guides to the eye. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.