Table 1.
Avian species reported as susceptible to WNV disease development.
| Order | Species |
|---|---|
| Passeriformes | House sparrow (Passer domesticus) [17] |
| Yellow-billed magpie (Pica nuttalli) [18] | |
| Blue jay (Cyanocitta cristata) [19] | |
| Loggerhead shrike (Lanius ludovicanus) [20] | |
| American crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos) [9] | |
| Fish crow (Corvus ossifragus) [9] | |
| Black-billed magpies (Pica pica) [9] | |
| Strigiformes | Barred owl (Strix varia) [21] |
| Short-eared owl (Asio flammeus) [21] | |
| Great-horned owl (Bubo virginianus) [21,22] | |
| Snowy owl (Bubo scandiacus) [9,21] | |
| Accipitriformes | Northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) [[22], [23], [24]] |
| Sharp-shinned hawk (Accipiter striatus) [22] | |
| Cooper’s hawk (Accipiter cooperi) [22,25,26] | |
| Red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) [22,[25], [26], [27]] | |
| Golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) [28] | |
| Spanish imperial eagle (Aquila adalberti) [29] | |
| Bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) [9,28] | |
| Falconiformes | Gyrfalcon (Falco risticulus) [30] |
| Prairie falcon (Falco mexicanus) [22] | |
| Peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) [22] | |
| Anseriformes | Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) [31] |
| Canadian goose (Branta canadensis) [31] | |
| Lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) [32] | |
| Bronze-winged duck (Anas specularis) [9] | |
| Galliformes | Common pheasant (Phasianus cholchicus) [33] |
| Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) [34] | |
| Himalayan Impeyan pheasant (Lophophorus impeyanus) [9] | |
| Blyth's tragopan (Tragopan blythi) [9] | |
| Ciconiiformes | Chilean flamingo (Phoenicopterus chilensis) [9] |
| Black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) [9] | |
| Pelicaniformes | Guanay cormorant (Phalacrocorax bougainvillea) [9] |
| Charadriiformes | Laughing gull (Larus atricilla) [9] |
| Psittaciformes | Slender-billed conure (Enicognathus leptorhynchus) [35] |
| Moluccan cockatoo (Cacatua moluccensis) [35] | |
| Australian king parrot (Alisterus scapularis) [35] | |
| Princess of Wales parakeet (Polytelis alexandrae) [35] | |
| Red rump parakeet (Psephotus haematonotus) [35] | |
| Swainson’s lorikeet (Trichoglossus moluccanus) [35] | |
| Nanday conure (Aratinga nenday) [35] | |
| Black-headed caique (Pionites melanocephalus) [35] | |
| Indian ring neck parakeet (Psittacula krameri) [35] | |
| Turquoise parrot (Neophema pulchella) [35] | |
| Crimson rosella (Platycercus elegans) [35] | |
| Scarlet-chested parakeet (Neophema splendida) [35] | |
| Eastern rosella (Platycercus eximius) [35] | |
| Derbyan parakeet (Psittacula derbiana) [35] | |
| Sun conure (Aratinga solstitialis) [35] | |
| Western rosella (Platycercus icterotis) [35] | |
| Goldie’s lorikeet (Psitteuteles goldiei) [35] |