TABLE 1.
Basic characteristics of the included study.
| Study (year) | Species (sex, n = C/E, weight) | UC model induction method | Control (administration, drug, dose) | Experiment (administration, drug, dose) | Duration | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lee et al. (2022) | BALB/c mice | 2.5% DSS, 5 days | Gavage, PBS 200 μL | Gavage, B. bifidum | 15 days | ①②④ |
| (female, 12/12) | 109 CFU/mouse/day | |||||
| Chen et al. (2013) | BALB/c mice (female, 8/8, 20.0 ± 2.0 g) | 5% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, normal saline | Gavage, L. acidophilus, 106 CFU/10 g | 7 days | ②③④ |
| Gao et al. (2021) | C57BL/6 mice (female, 20/20, 20–24 g) | 2.5% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, distilled water | Gavage, S. boulardii, 107 CFU/mL | 28 days | ① |
| Ma et al. (2022) | C57BL/6 mice (male, 8/8) | 3% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, normal saline | Gavage, C. butyricum, 108 CFU | 28 days | ①②③④⑤⑥ |
| Liu et al. (2016) | BALB/c mice (female, 8/8) | 5% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, 0.2 mL PBS | Gavage, L. brevis, 109 CFU | 14 days | ①② |
| Chen et al. (2021) | C57BL/6J mice (male, 10/10/10) | 3% DSS, 14 days | Gavage, normal saline | Gavage | 35 days | ②⑤ |
| L. fermentum, L. bulgaricus | ||||||
| 109 CFU/kg | ||||||
| Huang et al. (2021) | C57BL/6 mice (6/6) | 3% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, distilled water | Gavage, L. paracasei, 109 CFU/mL | 14 days | ② |
| Li et al. (2022) | Sprague Dawley rats (male, 10/10) | 5% DSS, 8 days | Intragastric, sterilized water | Intragastric | 7 days | ③④⑤ |
| L. acidophilus, 108 CFU | ||||||
| Chae et al. (2018) | C57BL/6 mice | 3% DSS, 6 days | Gavage, drinking water | Gavage, B. bifidum, 1.2 × 1010 CFU | 7 days | ②③ |
| (male, 7/7) | ||||||
| Pan et al. (2014) | BALB/c mice (male, 10/10, 22.0 ± 2.0 g) | 2.5% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, normal saline | Gavage, L. paracasei, 1010 CFU/mL | 14 days | ②③④ |
| Liu et al. (2011) | BALB/c mice (female,8/8) | 5% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, 0.2 mL PBS | Gavage, L. plantarum, 109 CFU in 0.2 mL PBS | 14 days | ①②③④ |
| Din et al. (2020) | C57BL/6 mice (male, 7/7) | 3% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, PBS | Gavage, B. bifidum, 109 CFU/mL | 27 days | ②③④⑤⑥ |
| Shang et al. (2022) | C57BL/6 mice (male, 8/8, 22 ± 2.0 g) | 2.5% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, normal saline | Gavage, B. bifidum, 109 CFU/d | 14 days | ② |
| Sun et al. (2018) | ICR mice (female, 8/8, 24–28 g) | 3.5% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, distilled water | Gavage | 17 days | ②③④ |
| L. reuteri, 1011 CFU/mL | ||||||
| Qin et al. (2022) | C57BL/6 mice (male, 10/10) | 3% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, normal saline | Gavage, L. plantarum | 7 days | ②③④ |
| 5 × 108 CFU/10 g | ||||||
| Kanda et al. (2016) | BALB/c mice (females, 10/10) | 4% DSS, 5 days | Gavage, PBS | Gavage, E. durans, 10 mg/day in 0.3 mL PBS | 12 days | ③④⑦ |
| Qu et al. (2021) | C57BL/6 mice (male, 5/5) | 3% DSS, 8 days | Gavage, 300 mL PBS | Gavage, AKK, 109 CFU in 300 mL PBS | 15 days | ④ |
| Wang et al. (2021) | Kunming mice (male, 7/7/7/7/7) | 2% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, 200 μL PBS | Gavage, L. rhamnosus | 14 days | ⑤⑥ |
| L. plantarum, L. crustorum | ||||||
| L. coryniformis, 5 × 109 CFU/mL | ||||||
| Cui et al. (2016) | BALB/c mice (female,20.0 ± 2.0g, 10/10/10/10) | 5% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, drink water | Gavage, L. fermentum, L. crispatus, L. plantarum, 0.4 mL of 3.0 × 108 CFU/mL | 9 days | ①②③ |
| Bian et al. (2019) | C57BL/6 mice (male, 8/8) | 2% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, PBS | Gavage, AKK, 3 × 109 CFU | 14 days | ①②③④⑤ |
| He et al. (2020) | C57BL/6 mice (Male, 16/16, 22–24 g) | 3% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, PBS | Gavage, E. faecium, 109 CFU/day | 14 days | ①②⑤ |
| Chen et al. (2019) | BALB/c mice (male, 10/10) | 2.5% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, distilled water | Gavage, E. durans, 200 mg/kg | 14 days | ②③④ |
| Hu et al. (2020) | C57BL/6 mice (male, 10/10/10) | 3% DSS, 7 days | Intragastric, normal saline | Intragastric, L. acidophilus | 21 days | ②⑤⑥ |
| L. bulgaricus, 109 CFU/mL | ||||||
| Islam et al. (2022) | C57BL/6 mice (4/4) | 4% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, drink water | Gavage, T. halophilus, 4.8 × 108 CFU/mouse/day | 10 days | ②③⑦ |
| Tong et al. (2021) | C57BL/6J mice (male, 7/7) | 3.5% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, drinking water | Gavage, L. rhamnosus, 1.2 mg/kg | 14 days | ①②⑦ |
| Yeo et al. (2020) | C57BL/6J mice (female, 4/4) | 1.5% DSS, 6 days | Gavage, PBS | Gavage, L. rhamnosus, 109 CFU/day | 26 days | ②⑥ |
| Wan et al. (2022) | C57BL/6 mice (female, 10/10) | 2.5% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, drinking water | Gavage, L. rhamnosus, 600 mg kg−1 day−1 | 15 days | ②③ |
| Dong et al. (2022) | C57BL/6 mice (male, 10/10) | 2.5% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, normal saline | Gavage, B. bifidum, 109 CFU | 12 days | ①③ |
| Chae et al. (2019) | C57BL/6 mice | 3% DSS, 6 days | Gavage, drinking water | Gavage, LB-9, 1.2 × 1010 CFU | 7 days | ②③ |
| (male, 7/7) | ||||||
| Zakostelska et al. (2011) | BALB/c mice (female, 5/5) | 3% DSS, 7 days | No mention | Gavage, L. casei, 1.5 mg of Lc in 50 mL of sterile PBS | 21 days | ②③④ |
| Elian et al. (2015) | BALB/c mice (female, 12/12) | 3.5% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, 0.1 mL PBS | Gavage, B. bifidum, 0.1 mL | 10 days | ③ |
| Sun et al. (2020) | BALB/c mice (male, 15/15, 18 g–20 g) | 5% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, normal saline | Gavage, L. plantarum, 109 CFU/mL | 10 days | ①②⑤⑦ |
| Choi et al. (2019) | ICR mice (male, 8/8) | 1.5% DSS | Gavage, 0.2 mL of PBS | Gavage, L. plantarum, 0.2 mL | 21 days | ② |
| Huang et al. (2021) | C57BL/6 mice (male, 8/8) | 4% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, distilled water | Gavage, L. plantarum, 0.2 mL/10 g | 7 days | ②③⑤⑦ |
| Wu et al. (2022) | C57BL/6 mice (male, 6/6, 20–22 g) | 3.5% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, 200 μL PBS | Gavage, L. plantarum, 200 μL 109 CFU mL−1 | 7 days | ①②③ |
| Yu et al. (2020) | BALB/c mice (10/10) | 3.5% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, normal saline | Gavage, L. plantarum, 1010 CFU/mL | 28 days | ②③ |
| Hu et al. (2020) | C57BL/6 mice (male, 10/10/10, 25 ± 2 g) | 2% and 4% DSS, weeks 3 and 5 | Gavage, drinking water | Gavage, L. plantarum, L. bulgaricus, 0.2 mL of 109 CFU/mL | 35 days | ②③ |
| Wang et al. (2018) | BALB/c mice (female, 10/10/10, 16–18 g) | 3% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, drinking water | Gavage, L. plantarum, B. bifidum, 300 µL 109 CFU/mL | 7 days | ③ |
| Khan et al. (2022) | C57BL/6 mice (female, 4/4, 18 ± 2 g) | 2.5% DSS, 7 days | Intragastric, distilled water | Intragastric, L. plantarum, 1010 CFU/mL | 21 days | ①②④⑦ |
| Chen et al. (2012) | C57BL/6 mice (female, 8/8) | 2% DSS, 7 days | Intragastric, PBS | Intragastric, L. kefiranofaciens M1, 108 CFU | 14 days | ② |
| Lu et al. (2022) | C57BL/6 mice | 1.5% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, normal saline | Gavage, E. cristatum, 50 mg/mL | 7 days | ②③ |
| (male, 10/10) | ||||||
| Lee and Lee (2015) | BALB/c mice (male, 10/10, 18–20 g) | 2% DSS, 7 days | Gavage, 0.2 mL PBS | Gavage, L. plantarum 2.0 × 1011 CFU/kg | 14 days | ①②⑤ |
①WC, ②CL, ③DAI, ④HIS, ⑤TNF-α, ⑥ZO-1, ⑦Shannon.