Figure 7.

Schematic illustration for the role of HIPK1 in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Hypertrophic stress‐induced HIPK1 is present in the nucleus of cardiomyocytes, leading to activation of the CREB‐C/EBPβ axis and subsequent hypertrophic gene expression. HIPK1 inhibition prevents pathological cardiac hypertrophy through inhibiting CREB phosphorylation at Ser271 and inactivating C/EBPβ. Inhibition of HIPK1 and CREB forms a synergistic pathway in preventing pathological cardiac hypertrophy.