Table 2.

Summary of biomaterials modified with different DC targeting ligands (Abbreviations: Man‐CTS‐TCL NPs, mannose‐modified chitosan nanoparticles loaded with whole tumor cell lysates; MAN‐ALG/ALG = OVA NPs, mannose‐functionalized alginate nanoparticle‐conjugated OVA; MAN‐OVA‐IMNPs, mannose‐modified lipid‐polymer hybrid nanoparticles OVA; MAN‐IMO‐PS, mannose‐functionalized lipid‐hybrid polymersomes; PMV, plasma membrane vesicles; pSiNP, porous silicon nanoparticles; CMVs, tumor cell membrane vesicles; N/A, not applicable)

No. [Ref.]	Receptor	Ligands	Biomaterials	Modulation of DCs	Tumor Model
1[82a]	MR	Mannose	Man‐CTS‐TCL NPs	Promoted DC maturation, antigen uptake, and presentation	B16
2[94]	MR	Mannose	MAN‐ALG/ALG‐OVA NPs	Enhanced DC antigen uptake, cytosolic release, maturation, and antigen cross‐presentation	E.G7‐OVA
3[95]	MR	Mannose	MAN‐OVA‐IMNPs	Enhanced cellular uptake, cytokine production, and maturation of DCs.	E.G7‐OVA
4[96]	MR	Mannose	MAN‐IMO‐PS	Promoted efficiently internalized by DCs, and enhanced cross‐presentation and cytokine production	E.G7‐OVA
5[97]	FcRs	IgG Fc fragment	liposomes or AuNPs conjugated to the Fc fragment	Promoted Antigen uptake and DC immunological response	N/A
6[98]	DEC‐205	Anti‐CD205 mAbs	Polymeric NPs	Increased receptor‐mediated uptake of nanovaccine by DCs and DC migration to dLNs	N/A
7[99]	DEC‐205	Anti‐DEC‐205 mAb	PLGA NPs	Increased the amount of IL‐10, produced by DCs and T cells	N/A
8[100]	CD11c	Anti‐CD11c mAbs	liposomes‐coated AuNCs	Promoted uptaken by iDCs and DC migration	B16‐F10
9[101]	CD11c and DEC‐205	scFv	liposomes/PMV	Promoted targeting of antigen to DCs	B16‐OVA
10[102]	CD40	Anti‐CD40 mAbs	PLGA NPs	Led to very efficient and selective delivery to DC	B16‐OVA
11[82c]	CD40, DEC‐205, or CD11c	Anti‐CD40, anti‐DEC‐205, or anti‐CD11c mAbs	PLGA complex	More efficiently targeted to and internalized by DC	N/A
12[103]	DC‐SIGN	chol‐Apt	CMVs complex	Specific targeting of CMVs to DCs	CT26
13[104]	CD11c/DC‐SIGN	CD11c mAbs/DC‐SIGN mAbs	CD11c‐pSiNP/DC‐SIGN‐pSiNP	Enhanced cellular uptake of DCs	N/A
14[105]	Clec9a	Anti‐Clec9A mAb	Antigen‐Clec9A‐TNE	Targeted and activated cross‐presenting DCs	B16‐F10
15[106]	SR‐B1	α‐peptide	α‐Ap‐FNP	Rapid dLN accumulation and targeting of DCs in dLN	E.G7‐OVA