Table 1. Sociodemographic and clinical variables of participants (n=429).
| Characteristics | Community-based controls (n=286) | FEPp (n=143) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic variables | |||
| Sex† | < 0.001 | ||
| Female | 148 (51.7)a | 57 (39.9)a | |
| Male | 138 (48.3)a | 86 (60.1)a | |
| Education in years† | < 0.001 | ||
| ≤ 9 | 64 (22.4)a | 58 (40.6)b | |
| > 9 | 222 (77.6)a | 85 (59.4)b | |
| Skin color† | 0.004 | ||
| White | 196 (68.5)a | 76 (53.1)b | |
| Non-white | 90 (31.5)a | 67 (46.9)b | |
| Clinical variables | |||
| Age,‡ years: mean (SD) | 33.7 (12.6) | 32.8 (12.1) | 0.648 |
| BMI,‡ kg/m2: mean (SD) | 26.4 (6.4) | 25.1 (6.5) | 0.062 |
| BPRS,‡ total score: mean (SD) | 0.8 (1.9)a | 9.0 (7.1)b | < 0.001 |
| Age of onset,‡ years: mean (SD) | 31.3 (11.9) | ||
| DUP, weeks: median (Min-Max) | 10.0 (0.0-1.056.0) | ||
| Duration of disease, weeks: median (Min-Max) | 39.6 (1.6-1.094.4) | ||
| Duration of treatment, weeks: median (Min-Max) | 21.0 (0.0-155.4) | ||
| Tobacco smoking† | < 0.001 | ||
| Yes | 44 (15.4)a | 46 (32.2)b | |
| Lifetime cannabis use† | < 0.001 | ||
| Yes | 55 (19.2)a | 71 (49.7)b | |
| Childhood trauma† | < 0.001 | ||
| Yes | 68 (23.8)a | 74 (51.7)b |
Data presented as n (%), unless otherwise specified.
Significant results are highlighted in bold.
BMI = body mass index; BPRS = Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; DUP = duration of untreated psychosis; FEPp = first-episode psychosis patients.
†
Fisher’s exact test.
‡
Student’s t test.
a,b
Different superscript letters denote statistically significant differences between means.