Open HLA-A*02:01 molecules enable effective T cell detection by reducing nonspecific background staining compared to the WT. (A) A schematic summary of the disulfide-linked HLA-I molecules with the desired BSA tag enables biotinylation and sets the stage for tetramerization. (B) Staining of 1G4-transduced primary CD8+ T cells with PE-tetramers of open and WT HLA-A*02:01/NY-ESO-1(V), light and dark green, respectively. (C) Staining of 1G4-transduced primary CD8+ T cells with PE-tetramers of open and WT HLA-A*02:01/NY-ESO-1(V), light and dark green, respectively, compared to open and WT HLA-A*02:01 loaded with a nonspecific peptide, light and dark blue, respectively. (D) Staining of 1G4-transduced primary CD8+ T cells with PE-tetramers of open HLA-A*02:01 loaded with different NY-ESO-1 peptides SLLMWITQV (light green), SLLMWITQVC (orange), and SLLMWITQA (purple).