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. 2023 Jun 23;23:168. doi: 10.1186/s12893-023-02081-9

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Surgical schema for open patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) repair with axillary skin crease incision (ASCI) and posterolateral incision (PLI). PDA was located deep and obliquely from the thoracotomy wound, severely limiting the angle of clipping by ASCI (a). In PLI, the PDA could be seen directly in front of and near the thoracotomy wound (b)