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. 2023 Jun 22;15(1):2221485. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2221485

Figure 4.

Figure 4.

Akkermansia muciniphila treatment decreased the hepatic expression of microbiota-related TLR2 in NASH mice. (a) the hierarchical cluster analysis of hepatic inflammation-related genes measured by RNA sequencing was based on the log2 fold change of the fragments per kilobase of transcript per million (FPKM) values in each sample divided by the group area of the NC. (b) the gene expression of hepatic TNF-α was measured by RNA sequencing. (a and b) n = 5 mice/group. (c) Qrt‒PCR analysis of TNF-α expression in the liver. n = 8 mice/group. (d) the gene expression of hepatic TLR1 and TLR2 was measured by RNA sequencing. n = 5 mice/group. (e and f) the expression of TLR1 and TLR2 in the liver was measured by Qrt‒PCR analysis. n = 8 mice/group. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM. p values were determined using one-way ANOVA. *p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. Groups: NC, normal chow control; HFD, high-fat diet; HFD + AKK, high-fat diet and oral treatment with Akkermansia muciniphila.