. 2023 Jan 18;12(3):e220091. doi: 10.2217/cer-2022-0091

Table 5. . Comparison of participants' quality of life, navicular drop test and fatigue values.

	Group	Pre-treatment					Post-treatment					Z	p₃	F	p₄	Eta²
		$\bar{x}$ ± s	%95 CI	Range	Z	p₁	$\bar{x}$ ± s	%95 CI	Range	Z	p₂
Quality of life	Physiotherapist	78.82 ± 9.31	74.04–83.61	65–95	-1.424	0.155	83.53 ± 9.39	78.7–88.36	74–105	-2.068	0.039^†	-1.684	0.092	0.090	0.766	0.003
Quality of life	Home program	83.33 ± 7.44	79.64–87.03	72–95	-1.424	0.155	89.78 ± 7.96	85.82–93.74	72–105	-2.068	0.039^†	-2.986	0.003^†	0.090	0.766	0.003
Navicular drop (right)	Physiotherapist	1.19 ± 0.56	0.9–1.48	0.5–2.2	-0.151	0.880	1.04 ± 0.49	0.79–1.29	0.5–2	-0.839	0.402	-2.714	0.007^†	10.899	0.002^†	0.254
Navicular drop (right)	Home program	1.25 ± 0.63	0.94–1.56	0.5–2.5	-0.151	0.880	1.23 ± 0.63	0.92–1.55	0.5–2.5	-0.839	0.402	-0.447	0.655	10.899	0.002^†	0.254
Navicular drop (left)	Physiotherapist	1.16 ± 0.7	0.8–1.52	0.5–2.5	-0.119	0.906	1.08 ± 0.62	0.76–1.39	0.5–2.4	-0.170	0.865	-2.264	0.024^†	2.976	0.094	0.085
Navicular drop (left)	Home program	1.12 ± 0.59	0.83–1.41	0.5–2.5	-0.119	0.906	1.09 ± 0.59	0.8–1.39	0.5–2.5	-0.170	0.865	-1.414	0.157	2.976	0.094	0.085
Fatigue	Physiotherapist	3.44 ± 1.15	2.85–4.03	1–5.1	-0.456	0.648	4.29 ± 1.29	3.62–4.95	2–6	-0.725	0.469	-3.367	0.001^†	0.028	0.869	0.001
Fatigue	Home program	3.03 ± 1.53	2.27–3.79	0–5	-0.456	0.648	3.88 ± 1.47	3.14–4.61	1–5.8	-0.725	0.469	-3.771	0.000^†	0.028	0.869	0.001

^†

p < 0.05.

CI: Confidence interval; Eta²: Effect size calculation; p1: Pre-treatment intergroup comparison; p2: Post-treatment intergroup comparison; p3: Pre-treatment post-treatment within-group comparison; p4: ANCOVA.