TABLE 3.
Potential fall prevention strategies conducted in cognitive disorders.
| MCI | AD | CVD | DLB | PD | NPH | HD |
| Tai Chi training (Sungkarat et al., 2017) | Salsa dancing (Abreu and Hartley, 2013) | Dual-task program (Zhou et al., 2021; Spano et al., 2022) | — | Argentine tango (Peter et al., 2020) | Ventriculo-peritoneal shunting (Mantovani et al., 2021) | Rehabilitation program incl. respiratory exercises, speech therapy, physical and cognitive exercises (Zinzi et al., 2007) |
| Dual-task program (Silva et al., 2021) | ||||||
| Exercise program involving aerobic, resistance and balance (Thaiyanto et al., 2021) | Exercise program involving balance, strengthening and walking (Suttanon et al., 2013) | VR training (Park et al., 2017) | Rehabilitation combining movement strategy and strength (Morris et al., 2015) | |||
| Multifactorial, cognitively-based program (Fischer, 2021) | Training program combining motor and cognitive exercises (Hernandez et al., 2010) | Qigong (Song et al., 2017) | ||||
| Sensor-based balance training (Schwenk et al., 2016) | Physical exercise program (Pitkala et al., 2013) | Tai Chi (Gao et al., 2014; Song et al., 2017) | ||||
| Donepezil treatment (Montero-Odasso et al., 2019) | Balance training (Smania et al., 2010) | |||||
| Pharmacological treatment (Giladi, 2008) |
AD, Alzheimer’s disease; CVD, cerebrovascular disease; DLB, dementia with Lewy bodies; HD, Huntington’s disease; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; NPH, normal pressure hydrocephalus; PD, Parkinson’s disease. Out of the 22 reported studies, only four presented effect sizes on fall prevention strategies (Zhou et al., 2021: WMD = 1.9; Park et al., 2017: r = 0.8; Gao et al., 2014: G = −0.4; Smania et al., 2010: Cohen’s d = −0.02).