Table 4.

Studies Related to the Rehabilitative Effects of Exercise Interventions in Patients with ILD

Type of Movement	Author & Year	Movement Frequency	Duration	Movement Form	Exercise Intensity	Improvement Indicators
Resistance exercises	Jarosch et al 202099	3–6 times /week	3 weeks	Free weight	15–20RM	Exercise capacity↑ Disease-specific QoL↑
	Sciriha et al 2019100	2 times/week	12 weeks	Free weights		Dyspnoea↓ Health status↑ Fatigue↓
	Perez-Bogerd et al 2018101	3 times/week	6 months	Multi-gym device	70% 1RM	Exercise tolerance↑ Health status↑ Muscle force↑
	Naz et al 2018102	2 times/week	12 weeks	Free weights	Borg scale (4–6)	Functional capacity↑ Dyspnoea↓ QoL↑ Muscle strength↑ Anxiety and fatigue↑
	Dowman et al 2017103	2 times/week	8 weeks	Dumbbell	10–12 RM	Exercise capacity↑ Symptoms↓ HRQoL↑
	Tonelli et al 2017104	6 hours/week	4 weeks	Light weights Resistance bands	Varies with each person	Exercise performance↑ HRQoL↑
Aerobic exercises	Essam et al 2022105	3 times /week	6 weeks	Arm ergometer Treadmill	50–76% HRmax	Functional exercise capacity↑ Dyspnoea↓ Oxygen saturation↑ HRQoL↑
	Brunetti et al 2021106	5 times/week	3–4 weeks	Continuous cycling	50–70% of the maximal load	Dyspnoea↓ Exercise capacity↑ Fatigue↓
	Jarosch et al 202099	3–6 times /week	3 weeks	Interval cycle training	60% −100% Wpeak	Exercise capacity↑ Disease-specific QoL↑
	Sciriha et al 2019100	2 times/week	12 weeks	Treadmill Stationary bike	70% resting heart rate	Functional capacity↑ Dyspnoea↓ Health status↑ Fatigue↓
	Perez-Bogerd et al 2018101	3 times/week	6 months	Cycle ergometer	60–85% Wmax	Exercise tolerance↑ Health status↑
	Naz et al 2018102	2 time/week	12 weeks	Treadmill	70% Wmax	Functional capacity↑ Dyspnoea↓ QoL↑ Oxygenation↑ Anxiety and fatigue↓
	Tonelli et al 2017104	6 hours/week	4 weeks	Treadmill Stationary bikes	Varies with each person	Exercise performance↑ HRQoL↑
	Dowman et al 2017103	2 times /week	8 weeks	Cycling Walking	70% Wmax 80% Wmax	Exercise capacity↑ Symptoms↓ HRQoL↑
	Keyser et al 201597	3 times/week	10 weeks	Treadmill	70–80% HRmax	Fatigue↓ Physical activity↑

Abbreviations: ILD, Interstitial Lung Disease; RM, repetition maximum; ↑, upward arrow represents a positive improvement in function; ↓, downward pointing arrow represents symptom relief.