Table 1.
Table of studies included in this systematic review.
| Serial number | References | Title | Country | Sample size | Study design |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Javier de Miguel-Díez 6 | Decreasing incidence and mortality among hospitalized patients suffering a ventilator-associated pneumonia - Analysis of the Spanish national hospital discharge database from 2010 to 2014. | Spain | 9336 | Retrospective cohort study |
| 2 | Lydie Decelle 7 | Ventilation-associated pneumonia after intubation in the prehospital or the emergency unit. | Belgium | 75 | Retrospective descriptive (case–control) study |
| 3 | Ting-Chang Hsieh 8 | Frequency of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia With 3-day Versus 7-day Ventilator Circuit Changes. | Taiwan | 397 | Retrospective cohort study |
| 4 | Xia Zhao 9 | Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of healthcare-associated infection in elderly patients in a large Chinese tertiary hospital: a 3-year surveillance study. | China | 134637 | Prospective cohort study |
| 5 | Charles-Hervé Vacheron 10 | Increased Incidence of Ventilator-Acquired Pneumonia in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients: A Multicentric Cohort Study. | France | 3758 | Prospective cohort study |
| 6 | Zeina A. Kanafani 11 | Ten-year surveillance study of ventilator-associated pneumonia at a tertiary care center in Lebanon. | Lebanon | 162 | Retrospective cohort study |
| 7 | Rui Dias Costa 12 | Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in a Multipurpose Intensive Care Unit: One-Year Prospective Study. | Portugal | 60 | Prospective cohort study |
| 8 | Alicia J. Mangram 13 | Trauma-associated pneumonia: time to redefine ventilator-associated pneumonia in trauma patients. | United States | 1044 | Retrospective cohort study |
| 9 | I. Ucgun 14 | Effects of isolation rooms on the prevalence of hospital-acquired pneumonia in a respiratory ICU. | Turkey | 532 | Prospective cohort study |
| 10 | Alisa Krdzalic 15 | Influence of Remifentanil/Propofol Anesthesia on Ventilator-associated Pneumonia Occurence After Major Cardiac Surgery. | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 82 | Retrospective-prospective study |
| 11 | François Philippart 16 | Decreased Risk of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Sepsis Due to Intra-Abdominal Infection. | France | 2623 | Retrospective cohort study |
| 12 | Anthony A. Iwuafor 17 | Incidence, Clinical Outcome and Risk Factors of Intensive Care Unit Infections in the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Lagos, Nigeria. | Nigeria | 71 | Prospective cohort study |
| 13 | Qiao He 18 | The epidemiology and clinical outcomes of ventilator-associated events among 20 769 mechanically ventilated patients at intensive care units: an observational study. | China | 22343 | Analytical randomized study |