Table 1.
Subjects’ characteristics
| PLA (n = 12) |
CAS (n = 12) |
WHEY (n = 12) |
ALL (n = 36) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 26 ± 5 | 25 ± 4 | 24 ± 3 | 25 ± 4 |
| Body mass (kg) | 76.4 ± 7.8 | 76.2 ± 5.5 | 78 ± 11 | 76.8 ± 8.2 |
| BMI (kg m−2) | 22.7 ± 1.3 | 23.6 ± 1.8 | 23.6 ± 2.7 | 23.3 ± 2 |
| LBM (kg) | 62 ± 5.8 | 60.1 ± 4.8 | 61.1 ± 8 | 61.1 ± 6.2 |
| Fat mass (kg) | 15.4 ± 4.3 | 16.5 ± 3.2 | 17.4 ± 5.2 | 16.4 ± 4.3 |
| Fat (%) | 20 ± 5 | 22 ± 4 | 22 ± 4 | 21 ± 4 |
| VO2peak (ml kg−1 min−1) | 51 ± 9 | 47 ± 8 | 47 ± 7 | 48 ± 8 |
| Wmax (W kg−1) | 4.4 ± 0.9 | 4 ± 0.8 | 3.8 ± 0.8 | 4 ± 0.8 |
| Energy intake (MJ d−1) | 10.5 ± 1 | 10.9 ± 1.2 | 10.8 ± 2.1 | 10.7 ± 1.5 |
| Protein intake (g·d-1) | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.3 |
| Protein (% of energy) | 16 ± 4 | 16 ± 4 | 16 ± 5 | 16 ± 4 |
| Carbohydrate (% of energy) | 48 ± 3 | 46 ± 7 | 45 ± 7 | 46 ± 6 |
| Fat intake (% of energy) | 34 ± 3 | 35 ± 5 | 36 ± 6 | 35 ± 5 |
Values are means+SD
PLA placebo treatment, CAS micellar casein protein treatment, WHEY whey protein treatment