Table 2.
Baseline variables significantly associated with 1+ point increase in SPPB total score at the end of the CR program
| Variables | Group A N = 52 | Group B N = 48 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| SPPB total score | 10.7 ± 0.2 | 8.1 ± 0.3 | < 0.001 |
| Gait speed test (score) | 3.8 ± 0.1 | 3.2 ± 0.1 | 0.002 |
| Chair stand test (score) | 3.2 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | < 0.001 |
| Balance test (score) | 3.8 ± 0.1 | 3.1 ± 0.2 | < 0.001 |
| SPPB categorized | |||
| Disabled/severely frail (n) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | < 0.001 |
| Moderately frail (n) | 1 (1.9) | 13 (27.1) | |
| Mildly frail (n) | 8 (15.4) | 19 (39.6) | |
| Not frail (n) | 43 (82.7) | 16 (33.3) | |
| No. of preserved IADL | 6.7 ± 0.2 | 5.9 ± 0.3 | 0.030 |
| 6-min walking test (mt) | 421.1 ± 15.2 | 362.3 ± 15.6 | 0.009 |
| 90° torque peak (N × mt) | 61.0 ± 3.6 | 46.1 ± 3.1 | 0.003 |
| Peak VO2 consumption (ml/kg/min) | 14.6 ± 0.5 | 13.2 ± 0.4 | 0.050 |
| Female gender | 8 (14) | 12 (25) | 0.230 |
| BMI (kg/h2) | 26.9 ± 4.6 | 25.8 ± 4.4 | 0.124 |
| Diabetes | 10 (19.3) | 16 (33.3) | 0.108 |
| Dyslipidemia | 30 (52.7) | 26 (54.2) | 0.723 |
| COPD | 6 (11.5) | 7 (14.6) | 0.651 |
| No. of preserved BADL | 5.6 ± 0.5 | 5.6 ± 0.7 | 0.416 |
| MMSE score | 27.5 ± 2.3 | 27.8 ± 2.8 | 0.274 |
| GDS score | 3.6 ± 3.3 | 3.9 ± 3.1 | 0.345 |
| LVEF | 50.5 ± 10.2 | 50.6 ± 10.3 | 0.448 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index score | 6.0 ± 2.1 | 6.0 ± 2.0 | 0.441 |
| Hemoglobin (gr/dl) | 12.1 ± 1.7 | 11.1 ± 1.6 | 0.253 |
Group A unchanged or worsened SPPB total score, Group B at least 1-point increase in SPPB total score. Data are mean ± SE or n (%)
Abbreviations as in Table 1