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. 2023 May 26;60(8):1119–1151. doi: 10.1007/s00592-023-02107-x
Certainty assessment No. of patients Effect Certainty Importance
No. of studies Study design Risk of bias Inconsistency Indirectness Imprecision Other considerations Low-glycemic-index diets Control diets Relative (95% CI) Absolute (95% CI)
Endpoint HbA1c
18 Randomized trials Not serious Seriousa Not serious Seriousb None 720 745 MD 0.32% lower (0.45 lower to 0.19 lower) ⨁⨁◯◯ Low Critical
Endpoint BMI
20 Randomized trials Not serious Not serious Not serious Seriousb None 673 690 MD 0.38 kg/M2 lower (0.64 lower to 0.13 lower) ⨁⨁⨁◯ Moderate Critical