Table 2.
Composite primary outcome and secondary outcomes.
| Unweighted | Weighted | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of events (%) | No. of events (%) | |||||||
| Azithromycin (ref) (n = 25,267) | Clarithromycin (n = 16,909) | Risk difference (95% CI) | Odds ratioa (95% CI) | Azithromycin (ref) (n = 16,923) | Clarithromycin (n = 16,909) | Risk difference (95% CI) | Odds ratiob (95% CI) | |
| Hospital encounter with encephalopathy, fragility fracture, or fall | 479 (1.9%) | 365 (2.2%) | 0.26% (−0.01 to 0.54) | 1.14 (1.00–1.31) | 309 (1.8%) | 365 (2.2%) | 0.34% (0.04–0.63) | 1.19 (1.02–1.38) |
| Hospital encounter with encephalopathyb | 226 (0.9%) | 181 (1.1%) | 0.18% (−0.02 to 0.37) | 1.20 (0.99–1.46) | 148 (0.9%) | 181 (1.1%) | 0.20% (−0.01 to 0.41) | 1.23 (0.99–1.53) |
| Hospital encounter with fragility fracture | 69 (0.3%) | 78 (0.5%) | 0.19% (0.07–0.31) | 1.69 (1.22–2.34) | 45 (0.3%) | 78 (0.5%) | 0.20% (0.07–0.32) | 1.74 (1.21–2.52) |
| Hospital encounter with fall | 245 (1.0%) | 164 (1.0%) | 0.00% (−0.19 to 0.19) | 1.00 (0.82–1.22) | 154 (0.9%) | 164 (1.0%) | 0.06% (−0.15 to 0.27) | 1.07 (0.85–1.35) |
| Hospital encounter with CT scan of the headc | 306 (1.2%) | 220 (1.3%) | 0.09% (−0.13 to 0.31) | 1.08 (0.90–1.28) | 175 (1.0%) | 220 (1.3%) | 0.27% (0.04–0.50) | 1.26 (1.04–1.54) |
| All‐cause mortality | 257 (1.0%) | 232 (1.4%) | 0.35% (0.14–0.57) | 1.35 (1.13–1.62) | 204 (1.2%) | 232 (1.4%) | 0.17% (−0.07 to 0.41) | 1.14 (0.94–1.38) |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CT, computed tomography.
a
All odds ratios were approximated to be the relative risk based on the rare incidence of outcome events.
b
Category indicates the 30‐day risk of hospital admission with encephalopathy, defined as a diagnosis of delirium, disorientation, transient alteration of awareness, transient cerebral ischemic attack, or unspecified dementia.
c
Category indicates computed tomography scans of the head performed within 30 days of the index date.