Table 1.
Study characteristics
| Study characteristics | Number of included studies | |
|---|---|---|
| Quantitative research methods | Randomized controlled trial (RCT) | 31 |
| Systematic Reviews & Meta-analysis | 11 | |
| Case–control | 1 | |
| Sample Size | RCTs | |
| Range | 4407 | |
| Median | 330 | |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 644 | |
| Reviewsb | ||
| Range | 126 | |
| Median | 18 | |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 48 | |
| Types of Interventiona | Mobile services | 7 |
| Coalition | 24 | |
| Outreach | 14 | |
| Duration of intervention | 1–6 months | 8 |
| 7–12 months | 10 | |
| > 1 year | 6 | |
| Variedc | 10 | |
| No information | 9 | |
| Types of providers | Community health workers (CHWs) | 5 |
| Nurses | 2 | |
| Doctors/Pharmacists | 4 | |
| Academic staff and community providers | 11 | |
| Collaboration between CHWs, nurses, doctors, community members, social worker | 18 | |
| Peer support / volunteer | 3 | |
| Most common types of outcomes | Health status | 21 |
| Behavior change | 8 | |
| Psychosocial | 8 | |
| Access to care | 4 | |
| Knowledge translation activities | 2 | |
| Countries of intervention | USA | 25 |
| United Kingdom | 4 | |
| Spain | 2 | |
| Canada | 1 | |
| Multiple countriesd | 9 | |
| No information | 2 | |
aSome reviews assessed multiple interventions
bThe sample size of reviews is based on the number of included studies
cIntervention duration varied for systematic reviews
dSome reviews included studies conducted in multiple countries