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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jun 24.
Published in final edited form as: Pharmacol Ther. 2022 Oct 22;240:108300. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108300

Table 6:

Clinical Trials and Studies Involving Inhibitor Drugs Targeting Nucleoside Transporters

Human trials
Inhibitor Cancer Study Phase Study type Identifier/Approval Purpose Outcomes Reference
Dipyridamole Ovarian Phase 2 Interventional NCT00002487 Studied the effectiveness of combining methotrexate and dipyridamole Not reported -
Lymphoid neoplasms - Interventional Dnr 2012/795 Exploring the chemo-preventive potential of dipyridamole Significant reduction in risk of lymphoid neoplasms (95% CI) (W. Huang, Sundquist, Sundquist, & Ji, 2022)
Several cancers - Observational - Antiplatelet agents aspirin and dipyridamole and the risk of different carcinoma in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus dipyridamole and aspirin decreased the risk of liver cancer (H. Y. Huang, et al., 2022)
In vitro studies
Inhibitor Cancer Cell line Concentration Outcomes Reference
Dipyridamole Colorectal cancer HCT-8, CD133+/CD44+ HCT-8, U937 cells 0–20μM Decreased proliferation of cancer cells (Abdelghany El-Mahdy, Kawabata, Goto, & Li, 2021)
Leukemia CFU-GEMM, BFU-E, CFU-GM, HL-60/C1, CCRF-CEM 0.1μM-10μM reduced toxicity of tubercidin (Cass, King, Montano, & Janowska-Wieczorek, 1992)
Dilazep Prostate cancer LNCaP, LNCaP-Abl, 22Rv1, LAPC4 0–50μM inhibit proliferation and AR signaling (Kaochar, et al., 2021)
Leukemia CFU-GEMM, BFU-E, CFU-GM, HL-60/C1, CCRF-CEM 0.1μM-10μM reduced toxicity of tubercidin (Cass, et al., 1992)