Table 7:

Nucleic Acid-Based Approaches Targeting Nucleoside Transporters

Type	Name	Disease state	Animal/Cell lines	Nucleoside transporter targeted	Outcome	Reference
Micro-RNA	MiR-26b	Cirrhotic portal hypertension	Rats	ENT1	Regulate the invasion and migration ability by targeting hENT1 depending on the RhoA/ROCK-1 pathway	(Y. Chen & Tian, 2019; Y. Gao & Yang, 2017)
		Lung cancer	A549 cells
	miR-106a	Colorectal carcinoma and Pancreatic cancer	NP9; CP15T; CaCo2; HT29	CNT1	hCNT1 inhibition could contribute towards chemoresistance to fluoropyrimidine-based treatments	(Boces-Pascual, et al., 2021)
	miR-17
	hsa-miR-221-5p	Pancreatic cancer	-	ENT1	Downregulation of hENT1 in pancreatic cancer contributes to chemoresistance	(SenGupta, et al., 2002)
	hsa-miR-23b-3p		-	ENT1		(Jaramillo, et al., 2020)
	hsa-miR-155-5p		-	ENT1		(Sundaram, et al., 1998)
	hsa-miR-196a-3p		-	ENT1		(Mantini, et al., 2020; Randazzo, et al., 2020)
Small-interfering RNA (siRNA)	-	Astrocytes	Primary astrocytes	ENT3	ENT3 downregulation abolished the release of gliotransmitter ATP via inhibition of adenosine uptake in vesicles	(D. Song, et al., 2014)
	-	Leukemia	MOLT4	CNT3, ENT1, ENT2	Inhibition of nucleoside transport resulted in increased 6-MP tolerability	(Fotoohi, et al., 2006)
	-	Prostate cancer	PC3 cells	ENT1	Impaired ENT activity imparts anti-proliferative potential to Cimicifuga racemosa extract BNO-1055	(Dueregger, et al., 2013)
Overexpression	Recombinant adenovirus (Ad-hENT1)	Pancreatic cancer	NP-9, NP-18, NP-2	ENT1	Improved the therapeutic response to gemcitabine	(Perez-Torras, et al., 2008)
Nucleic acid conjugates	Lipid conjugates	Pancreatic cancer	HEK293	CNT3	Delivery of hCNT3 cDNA using ultrasound and microbubbles reversed gemcitabine resistance	(Paproski, et al., 2013)