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. 2023 Jun 24;10:408. doi: 10.1038/s41597-023-02308-7

Table 2.

Statistical characteristics of thermohaline parameters derived from the annual mean (T, ρ) profiles.

Thermohaline Parameter Mean Standard Deviation Skewness Kurtosis
Isothermal Layer Depth (m) 51.4 34.2 2.16 11.3
Mixed Layer Depth (m) 38.7 19.1 0.98 3.95
Mean Thermocline Gradient (°C/m) 0.0638 0.0501 1.49 5.17
Mean Pycnocline Gradient (kg/m4) 0.0212 0.0179 2.36 12.3
Barrier Layer Depth (m) (Total #: 23562) 14.3 22.4 3.70 18.6
Compensated Layer Depth (m) (Total #: 170) 11.3 12.5 3.33 15.2
Isothermal Layer Heat Content (109 J/m2) 4.30 3.80 1.41 4.39
Isothermal Layer Temperature (°C) 19.0 8.02 −0.595 2.02
Maximum Thermocline Gradient (°C/m) 0.0742 0.0580 1.61 6.98
Thermocline Depth (m) 99.4 85.2 2.97 15.1
Temperature at Thermocline Depth (°C) 15.6 6.62 −0.624 2.27
Mixed Layer Freshwater Content (m) 0.0932 0.987 −0.310 2.90
Mixed Layer Density (kg/m3) 1024.60 1.74 −0.636 8.10
Maximum Pycnocline Gradient (kg/m4) 0.0246 0.023 3.4 27.3
Pycnocline Depth (m) 73.9 39.4 2.20 13.1
Density at Pycnocline Depth (kg/m3) 1025.97 1.56 −2.17 25.7