Text box 1. Contributions to the literature
• Research has shown that the competing risk models emphasis on various measures, which may result in outcomes and interpretations that varied greatly.
• This study contributes to recognized gaps in the literature, including ascertaining which competing risk models are suitable for identifying associations or risk sets in survival analysis by considering the construction of risk sets and interpretation of the underlying hazard function.
• Findings from this study may help researchers in identifying the proper application of the methods and the correct interpretation of the acquired data by quantifying changes in the hazard models, and the knowledge may be helpful in making policy decisions.