Table 4.
Comparative outcomes in patients with predicted HFrEF and type 2 diabetes initiating SGLT2i vs. sitagliptin under 365-day intention-to-treat follow-up
| Exposure group | Unweighted | Propensity score weighted | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SGLT2i | Sitagliptin | SGLT2i | Sitagliptin | |
| Sample size | 1545 | 3823 | 1511 | 3755 |
| Primary composite endpoint of all-cause mortality or worsening HF | ||||
| Total events | 156 | 941 | 154 | 600 |
| Follow-up, person-years | 1042 | 2728 | 1027 | 2539 |
| Incidence rate (95% CI)/100 person-years | 15.0 (12.7–17.5) | 34.5 (32.3–36.8) | 15.0 (12.7–17.6) | 23.6 (21.8–25.6) |
| HR (95% CI) | 0.43 (0.36–0.50) | Ref | 0.64 (0.51–0.79) | Ref |
| Single components of the primary composite endpoint | ||||
| All-cause mortality | ||||
| Total events | 71 | 578 | 71 | 244 |
| Follow-up, person-years | 1098 | 3158 | 1083 | 2812 |
| Incidence rate (95% CI)/100 person-years | 6.5 (5.1–8.2) | 18.3 (16.8–19.9) | 6.6 (5.1–8.3) | 8.7 (7.6–9.8) |
| HR (95% CI) | 0.35 (0.27–0.45) | Ref | 0.76 (0.56–1.02) | Ref |
| Hospitalization for heart failure | ||||
| Total events | 112 | 767 | 110 | 431 |
| Follow-up, person-years | 1059 | 2827 | 1044 | 2638 |
| Incidence rate (95% CI)/100 person-years | 10.6 (8.7–12.7) | 27.1 (25.2–29.1) | 10.5 (8.7–12.7) | 16.3 (14.8–18.0) |
| HR (95% CI) | 0.38 (0.31–0.47) | Ref | 0.65 (0.50–0.83) | Ref |
| Urgent visit requiring intravenous diuretics | ||||
| Total events | 64 | 334 | 64 | 273 |
| Follow-up, person-years | 1074 | 3001 | 1059 | 2683 |
| Incidence rate (95% CI)/100 person-years | 6.0 (4.6–7.6) | 11.1 (10.0–12.4) | 6.0 (4.7–7.7) | 10.2 (9.0–11.5) |
| HR (95% CI) | 0.52 (0.40–0.68) | Ref | 0.60 (0.42–0.84) | Ref |
CI, confidence interval; HF, heart failure; HR, hazard ratio; SGLT2i, sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors.