Table 2.
Current biological agents in “Type-2 low” asthma.
| Related cell | Therapeutic Target | Biologic Agent | FDA approved | Route of Administration and Dose | Efficacy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Th17 | IL-6 | Tocilizumab | No | IV; 8-10mg/kg every 4wks | Reduced neutrophilic inflammation, improved lung function, and asthma control (2 cases) |
| IL-6 | Sirukumab | No | SC;50mg every 4wks | N/A (withdraw) | |
| IL-6 | Clazakizumab | No | N/A | N/A | |
| IL-6 | FB704A | No | N/A | N/A (recruiting) | |
| IL-23 | Risankizumab | No | IV; 90mg every 4wks | Unsatisfactory | |
| TNF-α | Etanercept | No | IV; 25mg every 2wks | Unsatisfactory | |
| IL-17 | Secukinumab | No | N/A | Unsatisfactory(terminated) | |
| IL-17RA | Brodalumab | No | SC; 140-280 mg at day 1 and wks 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 | Unsatisfactory | |
| IL-13 and IL-17 | BITS7201A | No | IV;150-600mg every 4wks | Unsatisfactory | |
| Epithelial cells | TSLP | Tezepelumab | Yes | SC; 210 mg every 4 wks | Reduced exacerbations and AHR; decreased eosinophilic inflammation; Improved lung function and quality of life |
| IL-33/ST2 | Astegolimab | No | SC; 70-490mg every 4 wks | Reduced exacerbations |
N/A, not applicable.