Table 3.
Description of Cases and Controls and Risk Factors for Measles, Matched Case-Control Study—Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, March 1–September 25, 2015
| Risk Factor | Case (N = 124) | Control (N = 302) | Univariate Model | Multivariate Model | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
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| n (%) or Median (IQR) | MOR (P Value) | 95% CI | aMOR (P Value) | 95% CI | ||
|
| ||||||
| Age in years | 20.6 (19.3–23.7) | 21.1 (18.7–24.5) | 1.0 (P = .82) | 0.9–1.1 | 1.0 (P = .48) | 0.9–1.0 |
| Female sex | 82 (66%) | 170 (56%) | 1.5 (P = .09) | 1.0–2.4 | 0.7 (P = .21) | 0.5–1.2 |
| Vaccinated a | 29 (23%) | 111 (37%) | 0.5 (P < .01) | 0.3–0.8 | 0.5 (P < .01) | 0.3–0.8 |
| Education | ||||||
| <12th grade | 15 (12%) | 69 (23%) | Ref | Ref | ||
| 12th grade completed | 62 (50%) | 98 (32%) | 3.1 (P < .01) | 1.6–6.1 | 2.6 (P < .01) | 1.3–5.0 |
| At least some college | 47 (38%) | 135 (45%) | 1.6 (P = .15) | 0.8–3.1 | 1.2 (P = .60) | 0.6–2.5 |
| Travel outside of UB during outbreak | 13 (10%) | 19 (58%) | 0.5 (P = .03) | 0.3–0.9 | 0.4 (P < .01) | 0.2–0.8 |
| Healthcare facility exposure <30 days before case rash onset | ||||||
| None | 28 (23%) | 63 (21%) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Outpatient | 79 (64%) | 229 (76%) | 1.4 (P = .26) | 0.8–2.3 | 1.5 (P = .15) | 0.9–2.6 |
| Inpatient | 17 (14%) | 10 (3%) | 5.1 (P < .01) | 2.1–12.2 | 4.5 (P < .01) | 1.9–10.8 |
| Birth outside of UB | 87 (70%) | 169 (56%) | 1.9 (P < .01) | 1.2–3.0 | 1.8 (P = .02) | 1.1–2.9 |
Abbreviations: aMOR, adjusted matched odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; IQR, interquartile range; MOR, matched odds ratio; NA, not applicable; Ref, reference category; UB, Ulaanbaatar.
a
Vaccination status by recall if documentation unavailable.
Bold text indicates statistically significant risk factors in multivariate model.