Table 4.

Total, direct and indirect effects in the multiple mediator model.

Model	Estimated effect	Boot SE	p	Boot LLCI	Boot ULCI	Relative mediation effect
Total effect of SDL on creativity	0.606	0.048	<0.001	0.510	0.695	–
Total direct effect of SDL on creativity	0.282	0.118	<0.001	0.045	0.502	–
Total indirect effect of SDL on creativity	0.324	0.095	<0.001	0.165	0.543	53.47%
Indirect effect 1: SDL → ODC → creativity	0.193	0.088	0.012	0.054	0.401	31.85%
Indirect effect 2: SDL → CSE → creativity	0.096	0.030	0.001	0.048	0.172	15.84%
Indirect effect 3: SDL → ODC → CSE → creativity	0.035	0.018	0.031	0.004	0.076	5.78%

SDL, Self-directed learning; ODC, Openness to diversity and challenge; CSE, Creative self-efficacy. Boot SE, Standard error of indirect effects; Boot LLCI, the lower bound of the 95% confidence interval; Boot ULCI, the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval (Percentile Bootstrap Method with Bias Correction).