Table 1.

Summary of the results of the effect of drug on the neurophysiological measures.

Neurophysiological measure	Main effect of drug (IN-OT vs placebo)	Pairwise comparisons per time window (if p < 0.05)	Drug effect direction	Tentative ANS response interpretation
Eyes-closed
HF-HRV	F(1, 184.30) = 0.18, Bonferroni corrected p > 0.999, d < 0.01	–	–	–
Eyes-open
HF-HRV	F(1, 175.56) = 2.11, Bonferroni corrected p = 0.444, d = 0.30	Exploratory: TW 5: t(173.08) = 2.28, uncorrected p = 0.024, d = 0.80, 95% CI [0.10, 1.50]	IN-OT ↑	PNS ↑
PUI	F(1, 167.92) = 11.42, Bonferroni corrected p = 0.003*, d = 0.45	TW 4: t(156.61) = 2.69, uncorrected p = 0.008, d = 0.96, 95% CI [−1.67, −0.25]	IN-OT ↓	PNS ↓
		TW 5: t(158.18) = 2.25, uncorrected p = 0.026, d = 0.85, 95% CI [−1.61, −0.10]	IN-OT ↓	PNS ↓
		TW 6: t(158.24) = 2.38, uncorrected p = 0.019, d = 0.88, 95% CI [−1.62, −0.14]	IN-OT ↓	PNS ↓
SampEn	F(1, 163.77) = 0.06, Bonferroni corrected p > 0.999, d = 0.54	–	–	–

All main effects of drug are shown; with statistically significant main effects (i.e., Bonferroni-corrected for the number of neurophysiological measures used) marked with an asterisk (*). Only follow-up pairwise comparisons surviving an uncorrected p < 0.05 are shown. Eyes-closed time windows (TWs): TW 1 =15–20 min; TW 2 = 30–35 min; TW 3 = 45–50 min; TW 4 = 60–65 min; TW 5 = 75–80 min; and TW 6 = 90–95 min. Eyes-open TWs: TW 1 = 20–25 min; TW 2 = 35–40 min; TW 3 = 50–55 min; TW 4 = 65–70 min; TW 5 = 80–85 min; and TW 6 = 95–100 min. HF-HRV: high-frequency heart rate variability; PUI: pupillary unrest index; SampEn: sample entropy; IN-OT: intranasal oxytocin; CI: confidence interval; ANS: autonomic nervous system.