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. 2023 Feb 11;43(7):1099–1114. doi: 10.1177/0271678X231157298

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© The Author(s) 2023

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Figure 6. — Changes in fatty acid oxidation and glycolysis localize to microglia in the ipsilateral thalamus. (a–b) For spatial transcriptomics, brain sections from aged mice at 4 weeks post stroke were stained with antibodies against Tmem119 and GFAP (a.), or NeuN and GFAP (b.). Gene expression data was gathered from cells expressing these markers from ipsilateral cortex (CX), hippocampus (HC) and thalamus (TH), and corresponding areas from the contralateral side, n = 4. Scale bars 1000 µm. (c–d) To confirm cell specificity the expression of genes that are traditionally associated with astrocytes and microglia (c.), and neurons and astrocytes (d.) was assessed in the transcripts isolated from each brain region using each marker and (e–g) The overall expression of genes related to glycolysis is higher in neurons and microglia than that of genes related to fatty acid oxidation, whereas astrocytes express more genes related to fatty acid oxidation than those related to glycolysis. With the exception of a modest decrease in glycolysis related genes in the ipsilateral thalamus, neuronal expression of these genes did not differ between the ipsi- and contralateral sides (e). In the ipsilateral hippocampus and thalamus, astrocytes reduced the expression of genes associated with fatty acid oxidation (f). Microglia in the ipsilateral cortex and thalamus displayed a marked reduction in the expression of genes linked to glycolysis, which was accompanied by an increase in genes related to fatty acid oxidation (shown in red rectangle) (g).