Table 3.

Odds Ratios for Demographic, Healthcare Access and Utilization, and Health-related Factors From the Symptom Phenotype Multinomial Regression Model.

			Phenotypea
	Severe Emotional Distress		Severe Pain		Severe Symptoms
	OR (95 CI)	P-value	OR (95 CI)	P-value	OR (95 CI)	p-value
Demographic factors
Age (yrs)	0.98 (0.97–0.98)	<0.001b	0.99 (0.99–0.995)	<0.001b	0.97 (0.96 – 0.98)	<0.001b
Gender identity
Woman	1.08 (0.92–1.27)	0.325	1.47 (1.32–1.64)	<0.001b	1.64 (1.30 – 2.07)	<0.001b
Other/skipped	1.51 (0.81–2.81)	0.196	1.51 (0.94–2.43)	0.091	0.72 (0.27 – 1.94)	0.514
Man (reference)
Race/ethnicity
Asian/non-Hispanic	0.55 (0.29–1.06)	0.074	1.23 (0.83–1.81)	0.298	0.64 (0.25 – 1.63)	0.351
Black/non-Hispanic	0.83 (0.64–1.07)	0.152	1.42 (1.22–1.65)	<0.001b	1.16 (0.87 – 1.56)	0.305
Hispanic/any race	0.98 (0.73–1.32)	0.905	1.39 (1.15–1.68)	0.001b	1.32 (0.95 – 1.85)	0.103
Other	0.92 (0.57–1.49)	0.747	1.37 (1.02–1.85)	0.038b	1.22 (0.67 – 2.22)	0.517
Skipped	1.17 (0.65–2.14)	0.599	1.05 (0.69–1.61)	0.829	0.70 (0.23 – 2.10)	0.519
White/non-Hispanic (reference)
Marital status
Divorced	1.25 (1.00–1.56)	0.048b	1.17 (1.01–1.35)	0.039b	1.15 (0.86 – 1.53)	0.338
Cohabiting	0.99 (0.67–1.46)	0.938	1.30 (1.01–1.66)	0.041b	0.73 (0.42 – 1.26)	0.256
Never married	1.18 (0.94–1.47)	0.156	1.07 (0.91–1.25)	0.404	0.78 (0.58 – 1.06)	0.118
Separated	0.88 (0.52–1.50)	0.640	1.29 (0.94–1.77)	0.113	1.11 (0.66 – 1.87)	0.698
Widowed	1.36 (1.02–1.82)	0.037b	0.97 (0.80–1.18)	0.788	1.06 (0.70 – 1.60)	0.793
Skipped	1.08 (0.48–2.43)	0.851	1.55 (0.95–2.51)	0.077	1.49 (0.63 – 3.52)	0.360
Married (reference)
Education level
1–3 years of college	0.73 (0.60–0.88)	0.001b	1.36 (1.20–1.53)	<0.001b	1.21 (0.94 – 1.55)	0.146
High school or GED	0.94 (0.74–1.20)	0.605	1.58 (1.36–1.85)	<0.001b	1.09 (0.80 – 1.50)	0.574
< High school degree	0.90 (0.62–1.32)	0.600	1.37 (1.07–1.76)	0.013b	0.82 (0.52 – 1.28)	0.378
Skipped	1.05 (0.45–2.47)	0.915	1.17 (0.66–2.09)	0.586	2.13 (0.85 – 5.35)	0.107
College graduate or > (reference)
Insurance
No	1.45 (0.94–2.24)	0.091	0.94 (0.69–1.29)	0.712	1.43 (0.88 – 2.32)	0.151
Yes (reference)
Employment status
Not employed	0.96 (0.80–1.14)	0.619	1.53 (1.35–1.73)	<0.001b	1.52 (1.17 – 1.97)	0.002b
Employed (reference)
Annual household income
< $10,000	1.40 (0.98–2.02)	0.067	2.19 (1.72–2.78)	<0.001b	2.09 (1.32 – 3.32)	0.002b
$10,000–$25,000	1.18 (0.88–1.59)	0.276	1.59 (1.31–1.94)	<0.001b	1.61 (1.07 – 2.44)	0.024b
$25,000–$35,000	1.05 (0.76–1.47)	0.759	1.32 (1.06–1.64)	0.013b	1.68 (1.07 – 2.63)	0.025b
$35,000–$50,000	1.16 (0.85–1.59)	0.339	1.18 (0.95–1.45)	0.135	1.61 (1.01 – 2.56)	0.045b
$75,000–$100,000	0.95 (0.69–1.31)	0.758	1.23 (0.99–1.51)	0.057	1.12 (0.66 – 1.90)	0.680
$100,000–$150,000	0.92 (0.69–1.25)	0.600	0.93 (0.75–1.15)	0.484	1.02 (0.61 – 1.71)	0.941
$150,000–$200,000	1.00 (0.69–1.46)	0.998	0.87 (0.64–1.18)	0.367	1.22 (0.59 – 2.54)	0.595
> $200,000	1.19 (0.85–1.68)	0.318	0.88 (0.67–1.17)	0.372	0.57 (0.22 – 1.45)	0.235
Skipped	1.29 (0.95–1.77)	0.103	1.54 (1.26–1.88)	<0.001b	1.85 (1.17 – 2.92)	0.008b
$50,000–$75,000 (reference)
Healthcare access and utilization factors
Foregoing or delaying medical care
Yes	1.30 (1.10–1.53)	0.002b	1.32 (1.18–1.46)	<0.001b	1.68 (1.31 – 2.16)	<0.001b
Skipped	2.04 (0.24–17.12)	0.512	4.33 (1.22–15.30)	0.023b	21.95 (2.24 – 215.30)	0.008b
No (reference)
Usual place for medical care
No	1.08 (0.86–1.37)	0.502	1.15 (0.98–1.34)	0.082	1.29 (0.97 – 1.72)	0.080
Skipped	2.30 (0.41–12.97)	0.344	1.63 (0.49–5.44)	0.427	0.01 (0.01 – 0.01)	<0.001b
Yes (reference)
Last seen by health care professional
6 months–1 year	0.88 (0.63–1.24)	0.474	0.83 (0.64–1.08)	0.161	0.81 (0.46 – 1.44)	0.473
> 1 year	0.002 (0.002–0.002)	<0.001b	1.02 (0.36–2.90)	0.975	3.24 (0.72 – 14.57)	0.125
Skipped/Don’t know	0.66 (0.28–1.52)	0.325	1.21 (0.75–1.93)	0.435	1.45 (0.62 – 3.43)	0.393
≤6 months (reference)
Ease of understanding health information
Most of the time	0.86 (0.72–1.03)	0.099	1.03 (0.91–1.17)	0.612	0.97 (0.76 – 1.24)	0.808
Some of the time	0.99 (0.69–1.40)	0.937	1.37 (1.08–1.74)	0.011b	1.23 (0.81 – 1.87)	0.333
None of time	0.80 (0.30–2.15)	0.664	1.02 (0.52–1.98)	0.964	1.11 (0.36 – 3.39)	0.860
Skipped/Don’t know	0.94 (0.50–1.78)	0.852	0.84 (0.54–1.31)	0.445	0.70 (0.27 – 1.82)	0.469
Always (reference)
Treated with respect by the provider
Most of the time	1.06 (0.87–1.30)	0.572	1.13 (0.99–1.30)	0.082	1.18 (0.91 – 1.53)	0.210
Some of the time	1.01 (0.63–1.61)	0.974	1.27 (0.92–1.75)	0.150	1.17 (0.70 – 1.95)	0.542
None of time	5.82 (1.06–31.90)	0.042b	1.56 (0.37–6.63)	0.547	0.04 (0.04 – 0.04)	<0.001b
Skipped/Don’t know	0.89 (0.43–1.84)	0.745	1.16 (0.75–1.79)	0.494	0.63 (0.24 – 1.62)	0.336
Always (reference)
Asked opinion/beliefs by provider
Most of the time	0.86 (0.70–1.06)	0.161	0.78 (0.68–0.89)	<0.001b	0.90 (0.68 – 1.19)	0.453
Some of the time	0.88 (0.70–1.09)	0.242	0.69 (0.59–0.80)	<0.001b	0.71 (0.52 – 0.97)	0.029b
None of time	1.19 (0.92–1.54)	0.191	0.73 (0.60–0.87)	0.001b	0.87 (0.60 – 1.27)	0.476
Skipped/Don’t know	1.56 (1.00–2.45)	0.0497b	0.99 (0.72–1.35)	0.939	0.85 (0.43 – 1.68)	0.644
Always (reference)
Health-related factors
General health
Poor	0.62 (0.39–0.99)	0.045b	1.62 (1.22–2.16)	0.001b	2.96 (1.90 – 4.62)	<0.001b
Fair	0.98 (0.76–1.24)	0.837	1.16 (1.00–1.36)	0.052	1.51 (1.10 – 2.08)	0.012b
Very good	1.13 (0.84–1.52)	0.414	0.88 (0.72–1.08)	0.232	0.30 (0.12 – 0.78)	0.013b
Excellent	1.03 (0.56–1.91)	0.924	0.64 (0.39–1.03)	0.065	0 (0 – 0)	<0.001b
Skipped	1.07 (0.38–3.00)	0.893	0.94 (0.44–1.98)	0.862	1.17 (0.24 – 5.73)	0.850
Good (reference)
Physical health
Poor	1.92 (1.27–2.90)	0.002b	2.53 (1.92–3.33)	<0.001b	4.18 (2.67 – 6.56)	<0.001b
Fair	1.12 (0.88–1.42)	0.374	1.68 (1.44–1.95)	<0.001b	2.07 (1.48 – 2.91)	<0.001b
Very good	1.76 (1.30–2.38)	<0.001b	0.65 (0.52–0.80)	<0.001b	0.83 (0.32 – 2.15)	0.704
Excellent	2.11 (1.10–4.02)	0.024b	0.52 (0.32–0.87)	0.013b	1.74 (0.22 – 13.85)	0.601
Skipped	0.82 (0.27–2.45)	0.718	1.42 (0.82–2.45)	0.214	1.43 (0.43 – 4.75)	0.558
Good (reference)
Mental health
Poor	24.10 (14.05–41.34)	<0.001b	3.64 (2.10–6.31)	<0.001b	39.79 (22.86 – 69.24)	<0.001b
Fair	4.73 (3.88–5.78)	<0.001b	1.89 (1.60–2.23)	<0.001b	6.44 (4.99 – 8.33)	<0.001b
Very good	0.29 (0.24–0.36)	<0.001b	0.80 (0.70–0.91)	0.001b	0.35 (0.24 – 0.52)	<0.001b
Excellent	0.10 (0.07–0.13)	<0.001b	0.86 (0.74–1.00)	0.057	0.16 (0.08 – 0.33)	<0.001b
Skipped	0.73 (0.28–1.87)	0.505	1.27 (0.68–2.37)	0.456	5.63 (2.35 – 13.53)	<0.001b
Good (reference)

Note. OR=odds ratio; 95CI=95% confidence interval.

^aThe “mild symptoms” phenotype is the reference phenotype.

^bP<0.05