. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jun 26.

Published in final edited form as: Ann Am Acad Pol Soc Sci. 2023 Mar 20;703(1):50–78. doi: 10.1177/00027162231154348

TABLE 3.

Coefficients from Ordinary Least Squares Regression Models Predicting Regional Differences in Fatal Drug Poisoning Rates, 1999–2020

	Overall (1999–2020)		Wave 1 (1999–2010)		Wave 2 (2011–2015)		Waves 3 and 4 (2016–2020)
	Avg. Diff. in Rate	Pr > \|t\|	Avg. Diff. in Rate	Pr > \|t\|	Avg. Diff. in Rate	Pr > \|t\|	Avg. Diff. in Rate	Pr > \|t\|
Intercept (ref = West)	12.67	<.001	10.53	<.001	13.56	<.001	16.90	<.001
Northeast	2.30	.241	−1.61	.106	1.82	.125	12.16	<.001
Midwest	1.02	.607	−2.05	.041	1.46	.212	7.96	.002
South	0.89	.648	−0.48	.629	0.22	.847	4.84	.036

NOTE: Rates are age adjusted. Coefficients represent the average difference in the fatal drug poisoning rate (deaths per 100,000 population) over the period identified at the top of the column. West is the reference region.