Table 4.

Mediation model of children’s science problem-solving skills on parenting styles via parental involvement.

	a	b	c’	c	ab	SE	LLCI ULCI
CSPSS → PI→ Authoritative PS	0.0407**	0.4294***	−0.0142	0.0033	0.0175*	0.0067	0.0051 0.0315
CSPSS → PI→ Authoritarian PS	0.0407**	−0.1504*	0.0279	0.0214	−0.0065*	0.0041	−0.0169

N = 226. The model was tested after controlling for child age, child gender, parent education and household income. PS, parenting styles; PI, parental involvement; CSPSS, children’s science problem-solving skills. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.