Table 1: Average weight, testicular anatomy, semen characteristics, and hormone levels (± standard deviation).

Characteristics of 6 male rhesus macaques during 3 doses of oral THC (0 to 2.5 mg/7kg/day), and following 70 and 140 days of THC discontinuation. Change with 1 mg/7kg/day increase in THC dose as well as change per 70 days of discontinuation was calculated (with 95% confidence intervals and associated p-values), from a random intercept mixed effects model with linear spline at point of THC discontinuation.

Characteristic	Mean ± standard deviation at each time point					Marginal slopes from mixed effects models
	0mg/7kg/day THC (pre-THC)	1 mg/7kg/day THC (mod-THC)	2.5 mg/7kg/day THC (heavy-THC)	70 days post-THC	140 days post-THC	Change per 1 mg/7kg/day THC dose	95% CI	p-value	Change per 70 days post-THC	95% CI	p-value
Weight (kg)	11.6±1.4	11.7±1.2	11.9±1.3	12.1±2.1	11.6±2.1	0.2	−0.2, 0.5	0.323	−0.1	−0.5, 0.3	0.696
Right epididymal head volume (cm3)	0.70±0.11	0.37±0.05	0.34±0.06	0.38±0.03	0.42±0.04	−0.15	−0.18, −0.12	< 0.001	0.06	0.03, 0.09	< 0.001
Left epididymal head volume (cm3)	0.71±0.09	0.37±0.07	0.32±0.03	0.39±0.03	0.41±0.03	−0.16	−0.18, −0.13	< 0.001	0.06	0.04, 0.09	< 0.001
Right testicular volume (cm3)	27.3±5.5	15.1±4.9	10.2±2.1	16.1±3.6	19.5±3.4	−6.7	−7.8, −5.7	< 0.001	4.9	3.6, 6.3	< 0.001
Left testicular volume (cm3)	25.9±5.1	13.9±4.9	11.9±3.9	15.1±3.5	19.1±4.6	−5.8	−6.9, −4.8	< 0.001	4.2	2.9, 5.5	< 0.001
Total testicular volume (cm3)	53.2±10.2	29.0±9.7	22.0±5.5	31.1±7.0	38.7±7.7	−12.6	−14.5, −10.6	< 0.001	9.1	6.8, 11.5	< 0.001
Weight of coagulum (g)	0.80±0.31	0.47±0.13	0.54±0.16	0.55±0.21	0.72±0.50	−0.12	−0.24, 0.00	0.042	0.12	−0.02, 0.26	0.105
Liquid fraction volume (ml)	0.45±0.14	0.26±0.16	0.32±0.18	0.30±0.14	0.33±0.13	−0.06	−0.12, −0.01	0.032	0.03	−0.04, 0.10	0.426
Sperm conc. (million/ml)	795±326	1483±1005	1388±1464	1175±873	1188±757	241	−75, 558	0.135	−171	−556, 213	0.382
Total sperm count (million)	338±135	274±166	269±189	347±230	348±202	−24	−73, 25	0.331	46	−14, 105	0.133
Percent motility	88.9±6.2	86.3±8.4	87.0±7.9	86.9±10.4	86.5±6.6	−0.8	−3.3, 1.6	0.504	0.1	−2.9, 3.1	0.950
Total testosterone (ng/ml)	5.76±3.72	3.68±3.27	1.96±1.64	3.26±1.60	4.67±2.17	−1.5	−2.5, −0.5	0.002	1.3	0.1, 2.4	0.038
Estradiol (pg/ml)	16.3±3.8	6.7±2.6	6.0±1.7	6.8±3.0	10.7±9.3	−4.5	−6.6, −2.4	< 0.001	2.9	0.4, 5.4	0.025
Prolactin (ng/ml)	12.3±7.5	19.3±10.5	30.7±21.2	19.0±15.9	50.6±56.8	4.5	−5.2, 14.1	0.364	10.0	−1.6, 21.7	0.092
Inhibin (pg/ml)	1015±148	1048±479	1062±210	861±353	901±169	4	−101, 109	0.936	−87	−214, 40	0.181
Albumin (mg/ml)	53.0±19.9	51.5±23.3	51.6±20.3	26.5±7.4	28.2±7.4	−2.2	−7.2, 2.8	0.383	−12.3	−18.3, −6.2	< 0.001
17-OHP (ng/ml)	1.47±0.28	1.09±0.34	0.93±0.37	1.17±0.52	1.16±0.59	−0.20	−0.32, −0.08	0.002	0.12	−0.03, 0.27	0.109
LH (ng/ml)	0.69±0.18	0.92±0.38	1.10±0.35	0.85±0.39	0.98±0.60	0.14	−0.03, 0.31	0.111	−0.06	−0.27, 0.14	0.557
FSH (ng/ml)	0.17±0.06	0.24±0.13	0.33±0.18	0.22±0.10	0.20±0.10	0.06	0.01, 0.10	0.010	−0.06	−0.11, −0.01	0.025