Table 5.
Comparison of insulin resistance markers, oxidative stress marker and inflammatory markers in normal pregnant women (control group) and women with GDM (study group) at 36th week of gestation.
| Parameters | Control group (n = 164) | Study group (n = 176) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Glucose-related parameters | |||
| FBG (mg/dL) | 86.17 ± 12.45 | 116.86 ± 16.62 | < 0.001 |
| Insulin (uIU/ml) | 10.60 (5.10–16.80) | 23.85 (16.38–31.29) | < 0.001 |
| HOMA-IR | 3.20 (1.10–5.20) | 6.33 (4.16–9.03) | < 0.001 |
| HbA1C (gm%) | 5.18 ± 0.86 | 6.81 ± 1.19 | < 0.001 |
| Oxidative stress marker | |||
| MDA (μmol/L) | 15.10 (11.20–19.80) | 22.95 (17.62–25.60) | < 0.001 |
| Inflammatory markers | |||
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 12.45 ± 3.05 | 20.12 ± 5.34 | < 0.001 |
| hsCRP (μmol/L) | 3.10 (2.15–5.10) | 7.28 (4.71–9.65) | < 0.001 |
| Endothelial dysfunction marker | |||
| NO (µM/L) | 30.80 ± 3.80 | 25.43 ± 2.83 | < 0.001 |
The data presented are mean ± SD and median (IQR). Comparison was done by unpaired t test for parametric data and Mann Whitney U test for non-parametric data. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
FBG fasting blood glucose, HOMA-IR homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance, HbA1C glycated hemoglobin, MDA malondialdehyde, IL-6 interleukin-6, hsCRP high sensitive c-reactive protein, NO nitric oxide.