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. 2023 May 15;3:101735. doi: 10.1016/j.bas.2023.101735

Table 5.

Mortality (Table 5)

34/205 (17%) studies reported either mortality or survival.

Outcome domain Outcome verbatim
Mortality Mortality
Survival Mean survival
Traumatic brain injury Stroke
Reason for DC (primary) 171 34
Patients per study
 <100 101 34
 >100 70 0
Type of study
 Observational 170 34
 RCT 1 0
Studies by Country (Top 4) USA 27
Germany 25
Korea 24
China 18
Age (mean) 42 48
Material 191 studies (93%) reported material
122 studies (60%) included autologous
94 studies (46%) evaluated 1 material type
Timing of cranioplasty Mean time to cranioplasty 202 days (40–2555 days)
135 studies reported as a mean range
42 studies (21%) had pre-defined cut off for early and late
8 studies (3.9%) divided time into 3 categories
Significant heterogenity in the timeframe definitions
50% of studies that reported time frames used <90 and >90 days